NOD-like receptors

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), also known as caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 15 (CARD15) or inflammatory bowel disease protein 1 (IBD1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NOD2 gene located on chromosome 16. NOD2 plays an important role in the immune system. It recognizes bacterial molecules (peptidoglycans) and stimulates an immune reaction.

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) is a protein receptor that in humans is encoded by the NOD1 gene. It recognizes bacterial molecules and stimulates an immune reaction.

NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP3 gene located on the long arm of chromosome 1. NLRP3 has previously been known as NACHT, LRR, and PYD domains-containing protein 3 [NALP3]; cryopyrin; cold induced autoinflammatory syndrome 1 (CIAS1), caterpillar-like receptor 1.1 (CLR1.1), and PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 1 (PYPAF1).

class of proteins

NLRP1 encodes NACHT, LRR, FIIND, CARD domain and PYD domains-containing protein 1 in humans. NLRP1 was the first protein shown to form an inflammasome. NLRP1 is expressed by a variety of cell types, which are predominantly epithelial or hematopoietic. The expression is also seen within glandular epithelial structures including the lining of the small intestine, stomach, airway epithelia and in hairless or glabrous skin. NLRP1 polymorphisms are associated with skin extra-intestinal manifestations in CD. Its highest expression was detected in human skin, in psoriasis and in vitiligo. Polymorphis

CIITA is a human gene which encodes a protein called the class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator. Mutations in this gene are responsible for the bare lymphocyte syndrome in which the immune system is severely compromised and cannot effectively fight infection. Chromosomal rearrangement of CIITA is involved in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin lymphoma and primary mediastinal B cell lymphoma.

NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRC4 gene.

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP7 gene.

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP2 gene.

NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP4 gene.

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor (NLR) pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 12 (NLRP12; also known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 12 or NALP12) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRP12 gene.

NLRC5, short for NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 5, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. NLRC5 is a pattern recognition receptor implicated in innate immunity to viruses potentially by regulating interferon activity. It also acts as an innate immune sensor to drive inflammatory cell death, PANoptosis. In humans, the NLRC5 protein is encoded by the NLRC5 gene. It has also been called NOD27, NOD4, and CLR16.1.

NLRX1 or NLR family member X1, short for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NLRX1 gene. It is also known as NOD-like receptor X1, NLR family, X1, NOD5, NOD9, and CLR11.3, and is a member of the NOD-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors.

NLRP9, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 9, is an intracellular protein that is expressed in the ovaries, testes, oocytes, and preimplantation embryos of mammals that is likely involved in reproductive processes. It is also known as NALP9, NOD6, PAN12, and CLR19.1, and is one of 14 pyrin domain containing members of the NOD-like receptor family of cytoplasmic receptors.

NLRC3, short for NOD-like receptor family CARD domain containing 3, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. It was previously known as nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat and CARD domain containing 3 (NOD3) and CLR16.2. NLRC3 inhibits the activity of T cells. NLRC3 also inhibits the mTOR signalling pathway to block cellular proliferation.

NLRP8, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 8, is an intracellular protein that is expressed in the ovaries, testes, and preimplantation embryos of mammals. It is also known as NALP8, NOD16, PAN4, and CLR19.2, and is one of 14 pyrin domain containing members of the NOD-like receptor family of cytoplasmic receptors.

NLRP6, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in the immune system. It is also known as NALP6, PYPAF5, PAN3, and CLR11.4, and is one of 14 pyrin domain containing members of the NOD-like receptor family of pattern recognition receptors. As with several other NOD-like receptors, NLRP6's role in immunity is related to its ability to regulate caspase-1 and NF-κB activity.

NLRP5, short for NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 5, is an intracellular protein that plays a role in early embryogenesis. NLRP5 is also known as NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 5 (NALP5), Mater protein homolog (MATER), PYPAF8, PAN11, and CLR19.8, and is one of 14 pyrin domain containing members of the NOD-like receptor family of cytoplasmic receptors known to mammals.