File:Family_Cervidae_five_species.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons
Cervidae
Also known as deer family, cervids, true deer, raghorn, deer
A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes muntjac, elk, red deer, and fallow deer) and Capreolinae (which includes reindeer, white-tailed deer, roe deer, and moose). Male deer of almost all species (except the water deer), as well as female reindeer, grow and shed new antlers each year. These antlers are bony extensions of the skull and are often used for combat between males.
AI overview
Cervidae is the family of hoofed animals commonly known as deer, which includes species like elk, moose, reindeer, and white-tailed deer. Most male deer are distinguished by their antlers—bony skull extensions that grow and shed yearly and are primarily used for fighting with other males during breeding season.
AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.
Species
deer
Cervidae
FAMILY
- KingdomAnimalia
- PhylumChordata
- ClassMammalia
- OrderArtiodactyla
- FamilyCervidae
Observations recorded4,781,403
奔跑中的鹿 鹿科，是偶蹄目反芻亚目下的一科，目前全世界約有34種。其中包括白尾鹿、騾鹿、加拿大馬鹿、駝鹿、紅鹿、馴鹿、黇鹿、西方狍等。所有的公鹿（除了獐外）及母馴鹿頭上長有角並每年更新，此點可與其他頭上長有角但終生不換角的動物例如羚羊做區別。 分佈於亞洲的麝、非洲的长颈鹿以及熱帶非洲與亞洲森林裡的水鼷鹿等虽然属于广义上的鹿，但在动物分类学上不属于鹿科，而分属麝科、长颈鹿科及鼷鹿科。 目录 1 分布 2 鹿角 3 习性 3.1 雪灾 3.2 地盘 3.3 天敌 3.4 自卫 3.5 食物 4 饲养 5 參見 6 外部链接 分布 鹿廣泛分佈於每個大陸，除了大洋洲、南極洲和非洲。 鹿角 通常只有公鹿长有鹿角，驯鹿是唯一一种公鹿和母鹿都长角的鹿，但母鹿的角要小得多。在每年冬天，公鹿的角都会脱落，到春天开始长出新的角，那时鹿角会覆盖着一层皮，叫做鹿茸。当鹿角成型时，鹿茸就会脱落。 母驯鹿的角是在春天脱落的。另外，獐无论公的还是母的，都没有角，它们用长长的獠牙去自卫。公麂既有獠牙也有角，而母麂既没有獠牙也没有角。 习性 雪灾 雪是鹿最大的敌人之一,但如果雪并不是很大就沒問題。但当雪变得非常厚时，牠们就很难找到食物，因为雪都把食物盖住了。另外，虽然鹿跑得很快，但由于有些鹿可达300公斤重，当牠们跑时就会陷到雪中，令牠们的速度變慢。仅50公斤的狼便很容易追上牠们。 地盘 不像大多数动物，鹿没有固定的家。对鹿来说，所谓的家就是地盘。夜晚它们就睡在灌木丛中。在冬天时，当鹿的地盘覆盖着厚雪时，它们就会再找一个雪相对较浅的地盘。当很多鹿都选这个地盘时，它们就会分地盘。 天敌 狼和美洲狮是鹿的主要天敌。 自卫 当鹿一旦发现危险时，第一件事情就是跑。如果跑解决不了问题了话，有些公鹿就会用它们的角去战斗。而母鹿的前蹄像刀一样尖，当它们发怒时，它们就会往敌人身上踢。 食物 主要以树叶为食。它们的胃较小，主要吸收各种植物性食物中的矿物质以在每年生成新的鹿角。与牛和羊不同，它们在食物方面很有选择性，只挑选易于消化的食物，如嫩叶、嫩草、软芽、水果、蘑菇等等。 饲养 鹿对人类长久以来就具有很高的经济价值，但是鹿并不像绵羊、山羊、猪和牛等动物那么容易驯养，因此鹿的来源主要是通过猎取。 在台灣，東部是主要的養鹿場建立地區，台灣的梅花鹿於日治時前之前就已經被獵取殆盡，目前野生的族群是因養鹿場保種培育後野放的，在綠島，鹿已經多到對生態造成困擾。 參見 生物学主题 鹿茸 外部链接 维基共享资源中相關的多媒體資源：鹿科（分類） 维基物种中的分类信息：鹿科 Mageshima Island Homepage 物種識別信息 維基數據: Q23390 維基物種: Cervidae ADW: Cervidae EoL: 7685 EPPO: 1CERVF Fauna Europaea: 12647 Fossilwor
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~43 min read
Article
28 sectionsContents
- Etymology and terminology
- Distribution
- Description
- Antlers
- Teeth
- Biology
- Diet
- Reproduction
- Disease
- Evolution
- Eocene
- Oligocene
- Miocene
- Pliocene
- Pleistocene
- Taxonomy and classification
- External relationships
- Internal relationships
- Human interaction
- Prehistoric
- Historic
- Literary
- Heraldic
- Economic
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
A deer (: deer) or true deer is a hoofed ruminant ungulate of the family Cervidae (informally the deer family). Cervidae is divided into subfamilies Cervinae (which includes muntjac, elk, red deer, and fallow deer) and Capreolinae (which includes reindeer, white-tailed deer, roe deer, and moose). Male deer of almost all species (except the water deer), as well as female reindeer, grow and shed new antlers each year. These antlers are bony extensions of the skull and are often used for combat between males.
The musk deer (Moschidae) of Asia and chevrotains (Tragulidae) of tropical African and Asian forests are separate families that are also in the ruminant clade Ruminantia; they are not especially closely related to Cervidae.