Ctesiphon
Sign in to saveCtesiphon ( ; , Tyspwn or Tysfwn; ; , ; ) was an ancient city in modern Iraq, on the eastern bank of the Tigris, about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Baghdad. Ctesiphon served as a royal capital of the Iranian empires for over eight hundred years, in the Parthian and Sasanian periods. Ctesiphon was the administrative capital of the Sasanian Empire from 226 to 637 (when it was conquered by the Arabs), or until the conclusion of the Muslim conquest of Persia in 651 AD.
AI overview
Ctesiphon was an ancient city located on the Tigris River in what is now Iraq, about 22 miles southeast of Baghdad, that served as a royal capital for Iranian empires for over 800 years during the Parthian and Sasanian periods. It matters historically because it functioned as the administrative center of the powerful Sasanian Empire from 226 until its conquest by Arab forces in the 630s-650s AD.
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Key facts
- Ancient site.name
- Ctesiphon
- Ancient site.native_name
- ()
- Ancient site.image
- Ctesiphon map-en_reformat.svg
- Ancient site.caption
- Map of the metropolis of Ctesiphon in the Sasanian era
- Ancient site.map_type
- Iraq
- Ancient site.location
- Salman Pak, Baghdad Governorate, Iraq
- Ancient site.region
- Mesopotamia
- Ancient site.type
- Settlement
- Ancient site.relief
- yes
- Ancient site.excavations
- 1928–1929, 1931–1932, 1960s–1970s
- Ancient site.archaeologists
- Oscar Reuther, Antonio Invernizzi, Giorgio Gullini
- Ancient site.condition
- Ruined
Article
15 sectionsContents
- Names
- Location
- History
- Parthian period
- Sasanian period
- Downfall of the Sasanians and the Islamic conquests
- Modern era
- Population and religion
- Archaeology
- Gallery
- See also
- References
- Bibliography
- Further reading
- External links
Ctesiphon ( ; , Tyspwn or Tysfwn; ; , ; ) was an ancient city in modern Iraq, on the eastern bank of the Tigris, about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Baghdad. Ctesiphon served as a royal capital of the Iranian empires for over eight hundred years, in the Parthian and Sasanian periods. Ctesiphon was the administrative capital of the Sasanian Empire from 226 to 637 (when it was conquered by the Arabs), or until the conclusion of the Muslim conquest of Persia in 651 AD.
Ctesiphon developed into a rich commercial metropolis, merging with the surrounding cities along both shores of the river, including the Hellenistic city of Seleucia. Ctesiphon and its environs were therefore sometimes referred to as "The Cities" (, ). In the late 6th and early 7th century, it was listed as the largest city in the world by some accounts.