Also known as hydrazides
Hydrazides in organic chemistry are a class of organic compounds with the formula where R is acyl (), sulfonyl (), phosphoryl (), phosphonyl (), etc. and and R' are any groups (typically hydrogen or organyl). Unlike hydrazine and alkylhydrazines, hydrazides are nonbasic owing to the inductive influence of the acyl, sulfonyl, or phosphoryl substituent.
Wikidata facts
- Subclass of
- ketone
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- described by source
- Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary
- Commons category
- Hydrazides
- topic's main category
- Category:Hydrazides
Sources (2)
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Article · 中文
酰肼（Hydrazide）是一类通式为(R1=O)R2-N-N-R3R4的有机含氮化合物，是肼类的酰基取代物。它们可以通过肼及衍生物与酰氯或酯反应制备： RC(=O)Cl + H2NNR'2 → RC(=O)NHNR'2RC(=O)OCH3 + H2NNR'2 → RC(=O)NHNR'2 酰肼与亚硝酸或亚硝酸酯加热时反应，生成酰基叠氮，发生Curtius重排反应转化为异氰酸酯，水解得到少一个碳的胺： RC(=O)NHNH2 + HNO2 → [RC(=O)N3] → R-N=C=O 最简单的酰肼是甲酰肼。 常见的酰肼有：（1）、（2）、异烟肼（3）、（4）、（5）、（6），见下图。醛酮转化为烯烃的Shapiro反应中也使用到了对甲苯磺酰肼。
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