hydrazine
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Article
26 sectionsContents
- Etymology and history
- Applications
- Gas producers and propellants
- Precursor to pesticides and pharmaceuticals
- Small-scale, niche, and research
- Rocket fuel
- Occupational hazards
- Health effects
- Occupational exposure limits
- Handling and medical surveillance
- Molecular structure
- Synthesis and production
- Oxidation of ammonia via oxaziridines from peroxide
- Chlorine-based oxidations
- Reactions
- Acid-base behavior
- Redox reactions
- Hydrazinium salts
- Organic chemistry
- Hydrazone formation
- Biochemistry
- In popular culture
- See also
- References
- Further reading
- External links
Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour. Hydrazine is highly hazardous unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine hydrate ().
Hydrazine is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing polymer foams, but applications also include its uses as a precursor to pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, as well as a long-term storable propellant for in-space spacecraft propulsion. Additionally, hydrazine is used in various rocket fuels and to prepare the gas precursors used in airbags. Hydrazine is used within both nuclear and conventional electrical power plant steam cycles as an oxygen scavenger to control concentrations of dissolved oxygen in an effort to reduce corrosion. , approximately 120,000 tons of hydrazine hydrate (corresponding to a 64% solution of hydrazine in water by weight) were manufactured worldwide per year.