肝硬化
Also known as cirrhosis of liver, cirrhosis of the liver, cirrhosis, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure, chronic hepatic failure, end-stage liver disease
Cirrhosis, also known as liver cirrhosis, hepatic cirrhosis, chronic liver failure, chronic hepatic failure, and end-stage liver disease, is a chronic condition of the liver in which the normal functioning tissue, or parenchyma, is replaced with scar tissue (fibrosis) and regenerative nodules as a result of chronic liver disease. Damage to the liver leads to repair of liver tissue and subsequent formation of scar tissue. Over time, scar tissue and nodules of regenerating hepatocytes can replace the parenchyma, causing increased resistance to blood flow in the liver's capillaries—the hepatic si
AI overview
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic condition where healthy liver tissue is gradually replaced by scar tissue and regenerating nodules, usually as a result of long-term liver damage. This scarring makes it harder for blood to flow through the liver and prevents it from functioning normally, which is why the condition is serious and requires medical attention.
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Key facts
- Medical condition (new).name
- Cirrhosis
- Medical condition (new).synonyms
- Cirrhosis of the liver, hepatic cirrhosis
- Medical condition (new).image
- Cirrhosis of liver.jpg
- Medical condition (new).caption
- Cross-section of human liver with cirrhosis
- Medical condition (new).field
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology
- Medical condition (new).symptoms
- Fatigue, itchiness, swelling in the lower legs, jaundice, easily bruising, fluid build-up in the abdomen
- Medical condition (new).complications
- Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, dilated veins in the esophagus, liver cancer
- Medical condition (new).onset
- Over months, years or decades
- Medical condition (new).duration
- Long term
- Medical condition (new).causes
- Alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
- Medical condition (new).diagnosis
Article · 中文
肝硬化（英語：Cirrhosis）指的是肝臟因長期受到傷害，導致最後無法正常運作。肝硬化是漫長的過程，在早期通常沒有症狀，隨著疾病的發展，患者可能開始感到容易疲倦、虛弱、下肢水腫、皮膚泛黃、容易瘀青、產生腹水、或是在皮膚上見到等等。腹水一旦發生就可能發生。其他與肝硬化相關的疾病與症狀還有肝性腦病變、由於破裂而造成的吐血、肝肾综合症、以及肝癌等。肝腦病變可能造成患者意識混亂甚至陷入昏迷。 肝硬化最常見的原因包括酒精、B型肝炎、C型肝炎、以及非酒精性脂肪性肝炎等。一般而言，連續數年每日飲酒超過2－3杯，就可能會造成肝硬化，而非酒精性脂肪肝則有許多原因，包括：體重過重、糖尿病、高脂血症與高血壓。其他較不常見造成肝硬化的原因還有、、血色沉著病、藥物影響與膽結石。病理上，肝硬化的病人的肝臟組織會被疤痕組織取代而無法正常工作，造成肝功能的喪失。肝硬化的診斷需要抽血檢驗、影像學檢查或肝臟切片檢查。 部分肝硬化病因如B型肝炎等，可以靠疫苗接種預防。肝硬化的治療依其原因而不同，但其治療目標大多是減緩疾病惡化的速度，並減少併發症的發生。一般會建議肝硬化病人戒酒，而B型肝炎和C型肝炎患者可能能接受抗病毒藥物治療。自體免疫性肝炎可以用類固醇治療。膽烷酸可能對膽管阻塞造成的肝硬化有幫助。藥物治療也對肝硬化的常見併發症有幫助，如水腫、肝腦病變、食道靜脈曲張等。嚴重的肝硬化病人可能可以接受。 肝硬化每年造成的死亡人數，自1990年的80萬人攀升到2013年的120萬人，120萬人當中有38.4萬人是由於酒精造成、35.8萬人是由於患有C型肝炎，而B型肝炎則造成了31.7萬人喪生。在美國患有肝硬化的男性多於女性。最早關於肝硬化的可考證記載，是由希波克拉底於前5世紀所描述。
Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA