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molybdenum

File:Molybdenum_crystaline_fragment_and_1cm3_cube.jpg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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molybdenum

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Also known as element 42, 42Mo, molybdenum atom, elemental molybdenum, metallic molybdenum

Molybdenum is a chemical element; it has symbol Mo and atomic number 42. The name is derived from Ancient Greek '''', meaning lead, since its ores were sometimes confused with those of lead. Molybdenum minerals have been known throughout history, but the element was discovered (in the sense of differentiating it as a new entity from the mineral salts of other metals) in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. The metal was first isolated in 1781 by Peter Jacob Hjelm.

OverviewAI-generated

Molybdenum is a chemical element with the symbol Mo and atomic number 42. It has a mass of 95.95 and an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d⁵ 5s¹. The element exhibits an oxidation state of 6 and an electronegativity of 2. Its ionic radius is 0.73.

Physically, molybdenum has a density of 10.28, a melting point of 4752, and a boiling point of 8717. It possesses a tensile modulus of elasticity of 329000. The element was discovered in 1778.

Safety guidelines indicate an immediately dangerous to life or health level of 5000 and a time-weighted average exposure limit of 15. In chemical databases, it is identified by PubChem CID 23932 and NIOSH Pocket Guide ID 0433. The Unicode character for the element is 鉬.

Synthesized by Vinony from 33 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula
Mo
Molecular weight
95.95 g/mol
IUPAC name
molybdenum
SMILES
[Mo]
InChIKey
ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area
0 Ų
H-bond donors
0
H-bond acceptors
0
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

Research

25,436 papers

via PubMed

~32 min read

Encyclopedic overview

28 sections
Contents
  • Characteristics
  • Physical properties
  • Chemical properties
  • Isotopes
  • Redox buffer in the irradiated fuel matrix
  • Compounds
  • History
  • Occurrence and production
  • Mining
  • Molybdenum traces in seawater
  • Applications
  • Alloys
  • Pure element applications
  • Compound applications
  • Biological role
  • Mo-containing enzymes
  • Human metabolism and deficiency
  • Excretion
  • Excess and copper antagonism
  • Mammography
  • Dietary recommendations
  • Labeling
  • Food sources
  • Precautions
  • See also
  • References
  • Bibliography
  • External links

Molybdenum is a chemical element; it has symbol Mo and atomic number 42. The name is derived from Ancient Greek '', meaning lead, since its ores were sometimes confused with those of lead. Molybdenum minerals have been known throughout history, but the element was discovered (in the sense of differentiating it as a new entity from the mineral salts of other metals) in 1778 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele. The metal was first isolated in 1781 by Peter Jacob Hjelm.

Molybdenum does not occur naturally as a free metal on Earth; in its minerals, it is found only in oxidized states. The free element, a silvery metal with a grey cast, has the sixth-highest melting point of any element. It readily forms hard, stable carbides in alloys, and for this reason most of the world production of the element (about 80%) is used in steel alloys, including high-strength alloys and superalloys.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “molybdenum” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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