mutation

Also known as genetic mutation, gene mutation, mutations, genetic mutations, gene mutations, genetic change, genetic changes

thumb|Three major single-chromosome mutations: deletion (genetics)|deletion (1), duplication (2) and inversion (3).

AI overview

A mutation is a change in an organism's genetic material, such as when a section of DNA is deleted, copied extra times, or flipped around. Mutations matter because they create genetic variation in populations, which can lead to evolution, disease, or sometimes have no noticeable effect at all.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

1,395,250 papers

Mutation bias and adaptation in bacteria.ReviewMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2023Horton JS, Taylor TBDOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001404
Genomic instability--an evolving hallmark of cancer.ReviewNature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2010Negrini S, Gorgoulis VG, Halazonetis TDDOI: 10.1038/nrm2858
Distribution of mutation rates challenges evolutionary predictability.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Sun TA, Lind PADOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001323
Genetic basis of a spontaneous mutation's expressivity.Genetics · 2022Schell R, Hale JJ, Mullis MN et al.DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac013
Phenotype switching of the mutation rate facilitates adaptive evolution.Genetics · 2023Lobinska G, Pilpel Y, Ram YDOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad111
Mutation bias and GC content shape antimutator invasions.Nature communications · 2019Couce A, Tenaillon ODOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11217-6
Sequence dependencies and mutation rates of localized mutational processes in cancer.Genome medicine · 2023Poulsgaard GA, Sørensen SG, Juul RI et al.DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01217-z
PIK3CA Mutation in HPV-Associated OPSCC Patients Receiving Deintensified Chemoradiation.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2020Beaty BT, Moon DH, Shen CJ et al.DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz224

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Wikidata facts

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Commons category: Mutations

Sources (6)

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~61 min read

Article

36 sections

Contents

Overview
Causes
Spontaneous mutation
Error-prone replication bypass
Errors introduced during DNA repair
Induced mutation
Classification of types
By effect on structure
Large-scale mutations
Small-scale mutations
By impact on protein sequence
By effect on function
By effect on fitness (harmful, beneficial, neutral mutations)
Distribution of fitness effects (DFE)
By inheritance
Germline mutation
Somatic mutation
Special classes
Nomenclature
Mutation rates
Randomness of mutations
Disease causation
Inherited disorders
Role in carcinogenesis
Beneficial and conditional mutations
Role in evolution
Compensated pathogenic deviations
Compensatory mutations in RNA
Evolutionary mechanism of compensation
Experimental evidence of compensatory mutations
Experiment in bacteria
Experiment in virus
Application in human evolution and disease
See also
References
External links

thumb|Three major single-chromosome mutations: deletion (genetics)|deletion (1), duplication (2) and inversion (3).

In biology, a mutation is an alteration in the nucleic acid sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA. Mutations result from errors during replication, mitosis, meiosis, or damage to DNA, which then may trigger error-prone repair or cause an error during replication (translesion synthesis). Mutations may also result from substitution, insertion or deletion of segments of DNA due to mobile genetic elements.