ribonucleic acid

thumb|A hairpin loop from a pre-mRNA. Highlighted are the nucleobases (green) and the ribose-phosphate backbone (blue). This is a single strand of RNA that folds back upon itself.

AI overview

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule made up of a sugar-phosphate backbone with nucleobases attached, similar in structure to DNA but typically existing as a single strand that can fold back on itself. RNA plays a crucial role in cells by helping to decode genetic information and carry out the instructions stored in DNA.

AI-generated from the Wikipedia summary — may contain errors.

Research

1,537,216 papers

Infectious ribonucleic acid.Survey of biological progress · 1962FRAENKEL-CONRAT H
Synthesis of ribonucleic acid.Nature · 1958MICHELSON AMDOI: 10.1038/181303a0
Ribonucleic acid and bacterial genetics.British medical bulletin · 1962BROWN GLDOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a069925
Ribonucleic acid from Escherichia coli; preparation, characterization and physical properties.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 1959LITTAUER UZ, EISENBERG HDOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90604-3
Actionmycin D inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent synthesis of ribonucleic acid.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 1962GOLDBERG IH, RABINOWITZ MDOI: 10.1126/science.136.3513.315
Ribonucleic acid-induced changes in mammalian cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1961NIU MC, CORDOVA CC, NIU LCDOI: 10.1073/pnas.47.10.1689
Studies on the role of ribonucleic acid in the growth of bacteria.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 1960NEIDHARDT FC, MAGASANIK BDOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(60)90757-5
Fractionation of transfer ribonucleic acid.Biochimica et biophysica acta · 1959SMITH KC, CORDES E, SCHWEET RSDOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90541-4

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Wikidata facts

Image: RNA pol.jpg

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Commons category: RNA
Commons gallery: RNA
short name: RNA

Sources (4)

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~26 min read

Article

28 sections

Contents

Chemical structure of RNA
Basic chemical composition
Differences between DNA and RNA
Secondary and tertiary structures
Chemical modifications
Types of RNA
RNAs involved in protein synthesis
Regulatory RNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA)
Long non-coding RNAs
Enhancer RNAs
Small RNA in prokaryotes
Small RNA
CRISPR RNA
RNA synthesis and processing
Synthesis
RNA processing
RNA in genetics
RNA genomes
Reverse transcription
Double-stranded RNA
Circular RNA
Key discoveries in RNA biology
Relevance for prebiotic chemistry and abiogenesis
Medical applications
See also
References
External links

thumb|A hairpin loop from a pre-mRNA. Highlighted are the nucleobases (green) and the ribose-phosphate backbone (blue). This is a single strand of RNA that folds back upon itself.

Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule that is essential for most biological functions, either by performing the function itself (non-coding RNA) or by forming a template for the production of proteins (messenger RNA). RNA and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are nucleic acids. The nucleic acids constitute one of the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. RNA is assembled as a chain of nucleotides. Cellular organisms use messenger RNA (mRNA) to convey genetic information (using the nitrogenous bases of guanine, uracil, adenine, and cytosine, denoted by the letters G, U, A, and C) that directs synthesis of specific proteins. Many viruses encode their genetic information using an RNA genome.