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(RS)-ketamine

File:Ketamine2DCSD.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

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(RS)-ketamine

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Also known as DL-ketamine, 2-(o-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)-cyclohexanone, 2-(methylamino)-2-(2-chlorophenyl)cyclohexanone, (±)-ketamine, 2-(2-chloro-phenyl)-2-methylamino-cyclohexanone, (+-)-ketamine, special K, Special K

Ketamine is a cyclohexanone-derived general anesthetic and NMDA receptor antagonist with analgesic and hallucinogenic properties, used medically for anesthesia, depression, and pain management. Ketamine exists as its two enantiomers, S- (esketamine) and R- (arketamine), and has antidepressant action likely involving other mechanisms in addition to NMDA antagonism.

OverviewAI-generated

(RS)-ketamine is a chemical compound with the formula C₁₃H₁₆ClNO. Its IUPAC name is 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexan-1-one. The substance has a mass of 237.092042 and a weight of 237.72.

Chemical properties include an xlogp of 2.2 and a topological polar surface area of 29.1. The molecule contains one hydrogen bond donor and two hydrogen bond acceptors, with a charge of 0. Its canonical SMILES notation is CNC1(CCCCC1=O)C2=CC=CC=C2Cl.

The compound is associated with a Commons category titled "Ketamine" and has been referenced by 3,514 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 17 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Key facts

Drug.C
13
Drug.Watchedfields
changed
Drug.verifiedrevid
477168837
Drug.image
Ketamine2DCSD.svg
Drug.image_class
skin-invert-image
Drug.width
150px
Drug.image2
S-ketamine-from-HCl-xtal-3D-balls.png
Drug.image_class2
bg-transparent
Drug.width2
175px
Drug.alt2
(S)-Ketamine ball-and-stick model
Drug.tradename
Ketalar, others
Drug.DailyMedID
Ketamine
Drug.pregnancy_AU
B3
Drug.addiction_liability
Moderate–high
Drug.routes_of_administration
Any
Drug.class
NMDA receptor antagonist; general anesthetic; dissociative hallucinogen; analgesic; antidepressant
Drug.ATC_prefix
N01
Drug.ATC_suffix
AX03

via Wikipedia infobox

Chemical data

Formula
C13H16ClNO
Molecular weight
237.72 g/mol
IUPAC name
2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-(methylamino)cyclohexan-1-one
SMILES
CNC1(CCCCC1=O)C2=CC=CC=C2Cl
InChIKey
YQEZLKZALYSWHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP
2.2
Polar surface area
29.1 Ų
H-bond donors
1
H-bond acceptors
2
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

~33 min read

Encyclopedic overview

30 sections
Contents
  • Medical uses
  • Anesthesia
  • Pain
  • Depression
  • Seizures
  • Asthma
  • Contraindications
  • Adverse effects
  • Liver toxicity and urologic disease
  • Near-death experience
  • Addiction and tolerance
  • Brain damage
  • Interactions
  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacodynamics
  • Mechanism of action
  • Molecular targets
  • Relationships between levels and effects
  • Pharmacokinetics
  • Chemistry
  • Structure
  • Detection
  • History
  • Society and culture
  • Legal status
  • Recreational use
  • Research
  • Veterinary uses
  • References
  • External links

Ketamine is a cyclohexanone-derived general anesthetic and NMDA receptor antagonist with analgesic and hallucinogenic properties, used medically for anesthesia, depression, and pain management. Ketamine exists as its two enantiomers, S- (esketamine) and R- (arketamine), and has antidepressant action likely involving other mechanisms in addition to NMDA antagonism.

At anesthetic doses, ketamine induces a state of dissociative anesthesia, a trance-like state providing pain relief, sedation, and amnesia. Its distinguishing features as an anesthetic are preserved breathing and airway reflexes, stimulated heart function with increased blood pressure, and moderate bronchodilation. As an anesthetic, it is used especially in trauma, emergency, and pediatric cases. At lower, sub-anesthetic doses, it is used as a treatment for pain and treatment-resistant depression.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “(RS)-ketamine” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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