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vanadium

Also known as V, element 23, 23V

Vanadium is a chemical element; it has symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery-grey, malleable transition metal. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer (passivation) somewhat stabilizes the free metal against further oxidation.

OverviewAI-generated

Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It has a mass of 50.9415 and an electron configuration of [Ar] 3d³ 4s². The element exhibits oxidation states of 3, -1, 1, and 2, with an electronegativity of 1.63. Its ionic radius is 0.76.

Vanadium melts at 1887 and boils at 3377. It was discovered in 1801. The element is referenced by 1,425 other encyclopedia articles. In chemical databases, it is associated with the CID 23990 and the InChIKey LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N. PubMed records 16,020 entries for the query "vanadium."

Synthesized by Vinony from 27 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: V
Molecular weight: 50.9415 g/mol
IUPAC name: vanadium
SMILES: [V]
InChIKey: LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

16,020 papers

Vanadium.ReviewJournal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology · 1999Barceloux DGDOI: 10.1081/clt-100102425
Vanadium Compounds with Antidiabetic Potential.ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Amaral LMPF, Moniz T, Silva AMN et al.DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115675
Trends in vanadium neurotoxicity.ReviewBrain research bulletin · 2019Fatola OI, Olaolorun FA, Olopade FE et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.010
Vanadium and diabetes.ReviewBioFactors (Oxford, England) · 1999Thompson KHDOI: 10.1002/biof.5520100105
Vanadium extraction from steel slag: Generation, recycling and management.ReviewEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2024Yang MQ, Yang JYDOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123126
Vanadium in Biosphere and Its Role in Biological Processes.ReviewBiological trace element research · 2018Tripathi D, Mani V, Pal RPDOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1289-y
Vanadium sustainability in the context of innovative recycling and sourcing development.ReviewWaste management (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Petranikova M, Tkaczyk AH, Bartl A et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.04.007
Vanadium in cancer treatment.ReviewCritical reviews in oncology/hematology · 2002Evangelou AMDOI: 10.1016/s1040-8428(01)00221-9

via PubMed

~24 min read

Encyclopedic overview

26 sections

Contents

History
Characteristics
Isotopes
Compounds
Oxyanions
Halide derivatives
Coordination compounds
Organometallic compounds
Occurrence
Production
Applications
Alloys
Catalysts
Other uses
Proposed
Biological role
Vanadoenzymes
Vanadium accumulation in tunicates
Fungi
Mammals
Research
Safety
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Spanish-Mexican scientist Andrés Manuel del Río discovered compounds of vanadium in 1801 by analyzing a new lead-bearing mineral he called "brown lead". Though he initially presumed its qualities were due to the presence of a new element, he was later erroneously convinced by French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils that the element was just chromium. Then in 1830, Nils Gabriel Sefström generated chlorides of vanadium, thus proving there was a new element, and named it "vanadium" after the Scandinavian goddess of beauty and fertility, Vanadís (Freyja). The name was based on the wide range of colors found in vanadium compounds. Del Río's lead mineral was ultimately named vanadinite for its vanadium content. In 1867, Henry Enfield Roscoe obtained the pure element.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “vanadium” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.