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dactinomycin

Structure via PubChem · Public domain (PubChem)

EntityQ186127· pop 28· linked from 348 articles

dactinomycin

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Also known as Cosmegen, ActD, Actinomycin D, 2-amino-N,N'-bis(hexadecahydro-2,5,9-trimethyl-6,13-bis(1-methylethyl)-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxo-1H-pyrrolo(2,1-I)(1,4,7,10,13)oxatetra-azacyclohexadecin-10-yl)-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide, Actinomycin iv, Meractinomycin, Actinomycin C1, GNF-Pf-1977

Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of ovarian cancer. It is given by injection into a vein.

Key facts

Drug.Verifiedfields
changed
Drug.Watchedfields
changed
Drug.verifiedrevid
477241639
Drug.IUPAC_name
2-Amino-N,''- bis[(6S,9R,10S,13R,18aS)-6,13-diisopropyl-2,5,9-trimethyl-1,4,7,11,14-pentaoxohexadecahydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-i][1,4,7,10,13]oxatetraazacyclohexadecin-10-yl]-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-3H''-phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide
Drug.image
Actinomycin C1.svg
Drug.image_class
skin-invert-image
Drug.image2
Actinomycin D sticks.png
Drug.image_class2
bg-transparent
Drug.tradename
Cosmegen
Drug.MedlinePlus
a682224
Drug.pregnancy_AU
D
Drug.pregnancy_US
D
Drug.legal_AU
S4
Drug.legal_CA
Rx-only
Drug.legal_UK
POM
Drug.legal_US
Rx-only
Drug.routes_of_administration
IV
Drug.protein_bound
5%

via Wikipedia infobox

Chemical data

Formula
C62H86N12O16
Molecular weight
1255.4 g/mol
IUPAC name
2-amino-4,6-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-N,9-N-bis[(3R,6S,7R,10S,16S)-7,11,14-trimethyl-2,5,9,12,15-pentaoxo-3,10-di(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa-1,4,11,14-tetrazabicyclo[14.3.0]nonadecan-6-yl]phenoxazine-1,9-dicarboxamide
SMILES
C[C@@H]1[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N(CC(=O)N([C@H](C(=O)O1)C(C)C)C)C)C(C)C)NC(=O)C3=C4C(=C(C=C3)C)OC5=C(C(=O)C(=C(C5=N4)C(=O)N[C@H]6[C@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](N(C(=O)CN(C(=O)[C@@H]7CCCN7C(=O)[C@H](NC6=O)C(C)C)C)C)C(C)C)C)N)C
InChIKey
RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N
XLogP
3.8
Polar surface area
356 Ų
H-bond donors
5
H-bond acceptors
18
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

Research

19,514 papers

via PubMed

~5 min read

Encyclopedic overview

8 sections
Contents
  • Medical use
  • Side effects
  • Mechanism
  • History
  • Research use
  • Biosynthesis
  • References
  • External links

Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of ovarian cancer. It is given by injection into a vein.

Most people develop side effects. Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, vomiting, mouth ulcers, hair loss, liver problems, infections, and muscle pains. Other serious side effects include future cancers, allergic reactions, and tissue death if extravasation occurs. Use in pregnancy may harm the baby. Dactinomycin is in the cytotoxic antibiotic family of medications. It is believed to work by blocking the creation of RNA.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “dactinomycin” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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