equant

250px|right|thumb|The basic elements of Ptolemaic astronomy, showing a planet on an [[epicycle (smaller dashed circle), a deferent (larger dashed circle), the eccentric (×) and an equant (•).]]

Equant (or punctum aequans) is a mathematical concept developed by Claudius Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD to account for the observed motion of the planets. The equant is used to explain the observed speed change in different stages of the planetary orbit. This planetary concept allowed Ptolemy to keep the theory of uniform circular motion alive by stating that the path of heavenly bodies was uniform around one point and circular around another point.