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String theory proposes that the fundamental building blocks of the universe are tiny vibrating strings rather than point particles, and these strings have a special symmetry property that allows them to mathematically describe gravity, electromagnetic forces, and other forces simultaneously. This matters because it offers a potential path toward unifying all the forces of nature into a single coherent framework.
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Article · 中文
弦理論(英語:String theory),又稱弦論,是发展中理論物理學的一支,结合量子力学和广义相对论为万有理论。弦理論用一段段“能量弦線”作最基本單位以说明宇宙里所有微观粒子如電子、夸克、微中子都由這一維的“能量線”所組成;換而言之,弦論主張「弦」以不同的振動模式對應到自然界的各種基本粒子。 較早時期所建立的粒子學說則是認為所有物質是由零維的點粒子所組成,也是目前廣為接受的物理模型,也很成功的解釋和預測相當多的物理現象和問題,但是此理論所根據的粒子模型卻遇到一些無法解釋的問題。比較起來,弦理論的基礎是模型,因此能夠避開前一種理論所遇到的問題。更深的弦理論學說不只是描述弦狀物體,還包含了點狀、薄膜狀物體,更高維度的空間,甚至平行宇宙。弦理論目前尚未能做出可以實驗驗證的準確預測。
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