Egyptian cuisine

Baklava (, or ) is a layered pastry dessert made of filo pastry, filled with chopped nuts, and sweetened with either syrup or honey.

Couscous () is a traditional North African dish of small steamed granules of rolled semolina that is often served with a stew spooned on top. Pearl millet, sorghum, bulgur, and other cereals are sometimes cooked in a similar way in other regions, and the resulting dishes are also sometimes called couscous.

Shawarma (; ) is a Middle Eastern dish that originated during the Ottoman Empire, consisting of meat that is cut into thin slices, stacked in an inverted cone, and roasted on a slow-turning vertical spit. Traditionally made with lamb or mutton, it may also be made with chicken, turkey meat, beef, falafel or veal. The surface of the rotisserie meat is routinely shaved off once it cooks and is ready to be served. Shawarma is a popular street food throughout the Arab world, Israel and the Greater Middle East.

Moussaka (, , ; ) is an aubergine (eggplant)- or potato-based dish, often including ground meat, which is common in the Balkans and the Middle East, with many local and regional variations.

Ghee (Hindi: घी) is a type of clarified butter, originating from India. It is commonly used for cooking, as a traditional medicine, and for Hindu religious rituals.

Semolina is a coarse flour traditionally made from durum wheat. Its high protein and gluten content make it especially suitable for pasta.

thumb|Jalebi being prepared by a street vendor in Bangalore, India Jalebi is a common sweet snack in the Indian subcontinent, West Asia and some parts of Africa. It goes by many names, including jilapi, zelepi, jilebi, jilipi, zulbia, zoolbia, jerry, mushabak, '''''z'labia, or zalabia.'''''

Tahini (; , or, in Iraq, ) is a Middle Eastern condiment (a seed butter) made from ground sesame seeds. The most common variety comes from hulled seeds, but unhulled ones can also be used; the latter variety is slightly bitter, but more nutritious. The seeds are more commonly roasted than raw. Tahini can be served by itself (as a dip), made into a salad dressing, or used as a major ingredient in hummus, baba ghanoush, or halva.

thumb|Individual portion of shakshouka

thumb|A Portuguese-made tagine pot A tagine or tajine, also tajin or tagin () is a Maghrebi dish, and the earthenware pot in which it is cooked. It is also called or .

Halloumi, or haloumi, is a cheese originating from Cyprus. It is traditionally made from a mixture of goat milk and sheep's milk; however, due to industrial tactics to increase profit, modern halloumi increasingly contains cow's milk. The cheese's texture is often described as "squeaky". It has a high melting point and so can easily be fried or grilled, a property that makes it a popular meat alternative among vegetarians. Rennet (mostly vegetarian or microbial) is used to curdle the milk in halloumi production, although no acid-producing bacteria are used in its preparation.

Levantine appetizer consisting of finely chopped roasted eggplant, olive oil, lemon juice, various seasonings, and tahini

Kibbeh (, also kubba and other spellings; ; ) is a popular dish in the Arab world and the Levant in particular, made of spiced lean ground meat and bulgur wheat. Kibbeh is considered to be a national dish of Lebanon and Syria.

type of soup

Tulumba, tolomba or bamiyeh (; ) is a deep-fried dessert found in Egypt, the Levant, Greece and the regional cuisines of the former Ottoman Empire. It is a fried batter soaked in syrup, similar to jalebis or churros. It is made from unleavened choux pastry dough, usually about 3 inches long, piped with a pastry bag using an open star or similar tip. It is first deep-fried to golden colour and then sugar-sweet syrup is poured over it when still hot.

culinary traditions of Egypt

Salep, also spelled sahlep, salepi or sahlab, is a flour made from the tubers of the orchid genus Orchis (including species Orchis mascula and Orchis militaris). These tubers contain a nutritious, starchy polysaccharide called glucomannan. Salep flour is consumed in beverages and desserts, especially in the cuisines of the former Byzantines and Ottoman, notably in the Levant where it is a traditional winter beverage. An increase in consumption is causing local extinctions of orchids in parts of Greece, Turkey, and Iran.

thumb|right|Pastirma

Koshary, kushari or koshari ( ) is Egypt's national dish and a widely popular street food. It is a traditional Egyptian staple, mixing pasta, Egyptian fried rice, vermicelli and brown lentils, and topped with chickpeas, a garlicky tomato sauce, garlic vinegar, and crispy fried onions. Sprinklings of garlic vinegar and hot sauce are optional.

Syrian salad of fava beans, chopped tomatoes, onion, parsley, lemon juice, olive oil, pepper and salt)

Basbousa () is a sweet, syrup-soaked semolina Arab dessert popular throughout the Arab world, Middle East and North Africa. The semolina batter is baked in a sheet pan, then sweetened with sugar syrup and typically cut into diamond (lozenge) shapes or squares.

thumb|Turşu in Turkey Torshi, tursu or turshi () are the pickled vegetables of many Middle Eastern, Caucasian, Slavic and Balkan cuisines.

Kashk, kishk, ( Kašk, ), () qurut, qurt, kurut, kurt, qqet, jameed, shilanch (Tuvan and , , , , , Tajik: қурут, ), chortan ( chort’an), aaruul or khuruud (Mongolian: ааруул or хурууд) is a range of dairy products popular in Iranian cuisine, Caucasian cuisine, and Central Asian cuisine. Kashk is made from strained yogurt, drained buttermilk (in particular, drained qatiq) or drained sour milk by shaping it and letting it dry. It can be made in a variety of forms: rolled into balls, sliced into strips, and formed into chunks.

thumb|Assorted qatayef Qatayef, katayef, atayef or '''qata'if''' ( ) is an Arabic dessert. It is a type of sweet dumpling filled with cream or nuts, or a filled folded pancake with a thickness similar to a Scottish crumpet.

Muhallebi ( or ; ) is a milk pudding commonly made with rice, sugar, milk and either rice flour, starch or semolina, popular as a dessert in the Middle East. While the dessert is called muhallebi in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria, in other countries in the region (Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, Palestine, and Israel) it is called malabi, mahalabiyeh or mehalabiya.

skewered meat dish

Lokma is a dessert made of leavened and deep-fried dough balls, soaked in syrup or honey, sometimes coated with cinnamon or other ingredients. The dish was described as early as the 13th century by al-Baghdadi as luqmat al-qādi (), "judge's morsels".

cabbage, vine leaf, or other leaf roll

dish involving filling the cavities of a pepper with other food

Mulukhiyah (Arabic: ملوخية, romanized: mulūkhiyyah), also known as mulukhiyya , molokhiyya, melokhiyya, molohiya or ewédú, is a type of jute plant and a dish made from the leaves of Corchorus olitorius, commonly known in English as jute, '''Jew's-mallow, nalta jute, or tossa jute'. It is used as a vegetable and is mainly eaten in Egypt, the Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Jordan and Israel), Sudan, Cyprus, Libya, Tunisia, Nigeria, and Algeria. It is called saluyot in the Philippines. Mulukhiyah'' is rather bitter, and when boiled, the resulting liquid is a thick, highly mucilaginous broth;

Pastitsio (, pastítsio) is a baked pasta dish with ground meat and béchamel sauce, which came from the Ionian Islands to Greece. Variations of the dish are found in other countries near the Mediterranean Sea.

Freekeh (sometimes spelled frikeh) or farik ( / ALA-LC: farīkah; pronounced free-kah /ˈfɹiːkə/) is a cereal food made from green durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) that is roasted and rubbed to create its flavour. It is an ancient dish derived from Levantine and North African cuisines, remaining popular in many countries of the eastern Mediterranean Basin, where durum wheat originated.

сuisine of Ancient Egyptian culture

Fesikh (, ) is a traditional Egyptian dish. It is consumed primarily, though not exclusively, during the Sham el-Nessim festival, a spring celebration that traces its origins to ancient Egyptian times and is observed as a national holiday in Egypt. Fesikh consists of salted, pickled, fermented and dried gray mullet of the genus Mugil, a saltwater fish that lives in both the Mediterranean and the Red Seas. In western Egypt, whitefish is used as an alternative.

Yemeni dish

dish of Levantine cuisine, skewers of marinated chicken pieces

Bissara () is a dish in Egyptian and Moroccan cuisine. The dish contains split fava beans, onions, garlic, fresh aromatic herbs and spices. All ingredients are slowly cooked and then blended to yield a creamy and fragrant dip or side dish.

traditional Egyptian dessert

Duqqa, dukka, '''du'ah, do'a, or dukkah''' (, , ) is an Egyptian and Middle Eastern condiment consisting of a mixture of herbs, nuts (usually hazelnut), and spices. It is typically used as a dip with bread or fresh vegetables for an hors d'œuvre.

Fatayer (; ; ) are meat pies that can alternatively be stuffed with spinach or cheese such as feta or akkawi. They are part of Arab and Levantine cuisine and are eaten in Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Jordan, Iraq, Egypt, Fatayer are also popular in Argentina, where they are considered a variety of empanada under the name (singular form ), and in Brazil, where they are known as ("closed sfihas", singular form ).

Kamounia (), sometimes spelled kamouneya, is a beef and liver stew prepared with cumin. It is a part of Sudanese, Egyptian, Algerian, Libyan and Tunisian cuisines. Lamb is also sometimes used as a primary ingredient, and additional spices are sometimes used. It is sometimes served with or atop cooked rice. Additional basic ingredients can include broth, garlic, olive oil and parsley.

Bamia, bame, bamieh, bamje, bamiya or bamya is a Middle Eastern and Central Asian main dish, a stew made with okra, lamb, and tomatoes as primary ingredients. It is commonly made in the following countries and cultures: Afghani, Albanian, Armenian, Assyrian, Jordanian, Azerbaijani, Egyptian, Greek, Iranian, Iraqi, Israeli, Kurdish, Lebanese, Palestinian, Romanian, Somali, Sudanese, Syrian, Tanzania, and Turkish. Additional ingredients used can include tomato sauce or tomato paste, onion, garlic, cilantro (coriander), pomegranate molasses, vegetable oil, cardamom, salt and pepper.

Fatteh ( meaning crushed or crumbs, also romanized as fette, fetté, fatta or fattah) is a dish eaten in the Arab world consisting of pieces of fresh, toasted, grilled, or fried flatbread covered with other ingredients that vary according to region. It is also some times referred to as shâmiyât ( "Damascene") in the Levant area.

dish common in the former Ottoman Empire

Eggah, or ijeh (, ʻEgga) is an egg-based dish in Arab cuisine that is similar to a frittata or a French omelette, but firmer, as it uses eggs to bind fillings like meat and vegetables.

Turkish sweet bun (çörek) with tahini

eggplant dish

flesh from quail

Egyptian cheese

apricot-based drink

Zalabiyeh () is a fritter or doughnut found in several cuisines across the Arab world, West Asia and some parts of Europe influenced by the former. The fritter version is made from a semi-thin batter of wheat flour which is poured into hot oil and deep-fried. The earliest known recipe for the dish comes from a 10th-century Arabic cookbook and was originally made by pouring the batter through a coconut shell. Zalabiyeh differs from lokma in that it is made from batter rather than yeast dough, though the names are sometimes used interchangeably.

Sobia or Subia () is a cold beverage commonly consumed in Egypt and Saudi Arabia, with each country having its own distinct version. In Egypt it is prepared from a mixture of coconut, rice, and milk, and typically served with ice. The original sobia was an alcoholic beverage made in Egypt from fermented rice water, without the inclusion of coconut, and likely dates back over 1,000 years. The modern Egyptian version, however, is a non-alcoholic, non-fermented drink that incorporates ingredients such as coconut, milk, and sometimes vanilla, which are not part of the original recipe. Sobia is one

snack food

cheese dish fried in oil

Hawawshi (sometimes spelled hawwaoshi; ; ) is a traditional Egyptian dish. It is a pita stuffed with minced meat and spiced with onions, pepper, parsley, and occasionally chilies. The major variants of hawawshi are "baladi" (standard) and Alexandrian. In most of Egypt, it is baked by filling the flat Egyptian bread with the meat mix and then baking it in the oven. In Alexandria, the ingredients are placed between two circular layers of dough, then baked in an oven. Alexandrian hawawshi also usually have different spices and seasonings. Hawawshi has spread to other countries in the Middle East

type of skim milk produced in the Delta and Upper Egypt

Mombar () is a rice sausage dish. Different versions of it with various different names are eaten in Syria, and Libya. In Egypt it is made from sheep casing stuffed with a rice mixture and deep fried.