calcineurin
thumb|Crystallographic structure of calcineurin heterodimer composed of the catalytic (PPP3CA) and regulatory ([[PPP3R1) subunits.]]
Key facts
- Protein.EntrezGene
- 5534
- Protein.OMIM
- 613821
- Protein.RefSeq
- NM_147180
- Protein.UniProt
- Q96LZ3
- Protein.Name
- protein phosphatase 3, regulatory subunit B, beta
- Protein.HGNCid
- 9317
- Protein.Symbol
- PPP3R1
- Protein.AltSymbols
- CALNB
- Protein.ECnumber
- 3.1.3.16
- Protein.Chromosome
- 9
- Protein.Arm
- q
- Protein.Band
- 31
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
18 sectionsContents
- Structure
- Mechanism of action
- Function
- Formation of Structures in Newborn Mammals
- Synaptic Connection
- Cardiovascular
- Cell Cycle Arrest Recovery in [[Saccharomyces cerevisiae]]
- Functions in Sleep
- Clinical relevance
- Rheumatic diseases
- Schizophrenia
- Diabetes
- Organ transplantation
- Interactions
- Viral Inhibition
- References
- Further reading
- External links
thumb|Crystallographic structure of calcineurin heterodimer composed of the catalytic (PPP3CA) and regulatory ([[PPP3R1) subunits.]]
Calcineurin (CaN) is a calcium and calmodulin dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase (also known as protein phosphatase 3, and calcium-dependent serine-threonine phosphatase). It activates the T cells of the immune system and can be blocked by drugs. Calcineurin activates nuclear factor of activated T cell cytoplasmic (NFATc), a transcription factor, by dephosphorylating it. The activated NFATc is then translocated into the nucleus, where it upregulates the expression of interleukin 2 (IL-2), which, in turn, stimulates the growth and differentiation of the T cell response. Calcineurin is the target of a class of drugs called calcineurin inhibitors, which include ciclosporin, voclosporin, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus.