clonidine
Sign in to saveClonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres, Javadin, Kapvay among others, is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, hypotensive and anxiolytic drug used to treat high blood pressure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, perioperative pain, drug withdrawal (e.g., alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), and menopausal flushing. Clonidine is often prescribed off-label for tics. It is used orally (by mouth), by injection, or as a transdermal skin patch. Onset of action is typically within an hour with the effects on blood pressure lasting for up to eight hours. Xylazine is a structural analog of cloni
Key facts
- Drug.image
- Clonidine2DACS3.svg
- Drug.image_class
- skin-invert-image
- Drug.width
- 120
- Drug.image2
- File:Clonidine ball-and-stick model.png
- Drug.image_class2
- bg-transparent
- Drug.width2
- 120
- Drug.tradename
- Catapres, Javadin, Kapvay, others
- Drug.MedlinePlus
- a682243
- Drug.DailyMedID
- Clonidine
- Drug.pregnancy_AU
- B3
- Drug.routes_of_administration
- By mouth, epidural, intravenous, transdermal, topical
- Drug.class
- α2-Adrenergic receptor agonist, Imidazoline I1 receptor agonist, Anxiolytic
- Drug.ATC_prefix
- C02
- Drug.ATC_suffix
- AC01
- Drug.ATC_supplemental
- , , ,
- Drug.legal_AU
- S4
- Drug.legal_AU_comment
- /Appendix K, clause 1
- Drug.legal_CA
- Rx-only
via Wikipedia infobox
Article
24 sectionsContents
- Medical uses
- Hypertension
- Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Perioperative medicine
- Drug withdrawal
- Clonidine suppression test
- Other uses
- Adverse effects
- Physical
- Psychological
- Dependence and withdrawal
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding
- Pharmacology
- Pharmacodynamics
- Growth hormone test
- Pharmacokinetics
- History
- Society and culture
- Brand names
- Research
- Borderline personality disorder
- Notes
- References
- External links
Clonidine, sold under the brand name Catapres, Javadin, Kapvay among others, is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, hypotensive and anxiolytic drug used to treat high blood pressure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, perioperative pain, drug withdrawal (e.g., alcohol, opioids, or nicotine), and menopausal flushing. Clonidine is often prescribed off-label for tics. It is used orally (by mouth), by injection, or as a transdermal skin patch. Onset of action is typically within an hour with the effects on blood pressure lasting for up to eight hours. Xylazine is a structural analog of clonidine.
Common side effects include dry mouth, dizziness, headaches, hypotension, and sleepiness. Severe side effects may include hallucinations, heart arrhythmias, and confusion. If rapidly stopped, withdrawal effects may occur, such as a dangerous rise in blood pressure. Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding is not recommended. Clonidine lowers blood pressure by stimulating α2-adrenergic receptors and imidazoline receptors in the brain, which results in relaxation of many arteries.