glycyrrhizin

Also known as (3beta,20beta)-20-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3-yl-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-alpha-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid, Glycyron, Glycyrrhizinic acid, alpha-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid, (3beta,20beta)-20-carboxy-11-oxo-30-norolean-12-en-3-yl 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranuronosyl-, Glycyrrhizic acid, 18-beta-Glycyrrhizic acid, Glizigen

Glycyrrhizin (glycyrrhizic acid or glycyrrhizinic acid) is the chief sweet-tasting constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice) root. Structurally, it is a saponin used as an emulsifier and gel-forming agent in foodstuffs and cosmetics. Its aglycone is enoxolone.

Key facts

Drug.CAS_supplemental: (α-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid), (β-D-Glucopyranosiduronic acid)
Drug.ChemSpiderID: 14263
Drug.ChEMBL: 441687
Drug.ChEBI: 15939
Drug.ATC_prefix: A05
Drug.ATC_suffix: BA08
Drug.ATC_supplemental: QA05BA08 (vet)
Drug.C: 42
Drug.H: 62
Drug.O: 16
Drug.solubility: 1–10
Drug.smiles: O=C(O)[C@H]7O[C@@H](O[C@@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]6O[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@@H]3CC[C@@]1(C)[C@]5(C(=C/C(=O)[C@@H]1[C@@]3(C)CC2)\[C@@H]4C[C@](C(=O)O)(C)CC[C@]4(C)CC5)C)C(=O)O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]7O

Article

7 sections

Contents

Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacological action
Flavouring properties
Adverse effects
See also
References
External links

==Pharmacokinetics== After oral ingestion, glycyrrhizin is hydrolysed to 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (enoxolone) by intestinal bacteria. After absorption from the gut, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid is metabolised to 3β-monoglucuronyl-18β-glycyrrhetinic acid in the liver. This metabolite circulates in the bloodstream. Consequently, its oral bioavailability is poor. Most of it is eliminated by bile and only a minor part (0.31–0.67%) by urine. After oral ingestion of 600 mg of glycyrrhizin the metabolite appeared in urine after 1.5 to 14 hours. Maximal concentrations (0.49 to 2.69 mg/L) were achieved after 1.5 to 39 hours and metabolite can be detected in the urine after 2 to 4 days.