硒

Also known as Se, element 34, 34Se

原子序數為34的化學元素

OverviewAI-generated

Selenium is a chemical element with the symbol Se and atomic number 34. Its standard chemical formula is Se, and it has a mass of 78.971. The element was discovered in 1817. It exhibits oxidation states of -2, 1, 2, and 4, and has an electronegativity of 2.55. The ionic radius is 0.50.

Physical properties include a density of 4.28, a melting point of 392, and a boiling point of 1265. The vapor pressure is 0. Safety guidelines list a time-weighted average exposure limit of 0.2 and an immediately dangerous to life or health value of 1. The NIOSH Pocket Guide ID is 0550. In digital text, it is represented by the Unicode character "硒".

Synthesized by Vinony from 31 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: Se
Molecular weight: 78.97 g/mol
IUPAC name: selenium
SMILES: [Se]
InChIKey: BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Polar surface area: 0 Å²
H-bond donors: 0
H-bond acceptors: 0
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

50,303 papers

Effects and Impact of Selenium on Human Health, A Review.ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Bai S, Zhang M, Tang S et al.DOI: 10.3390/molecules30010050
Selenium.ReviewJournal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology · 1999Barceloux DGDOI: 10.1081/clt-100102417
Selenium-More than Just a Fortuitous Sulfur Substitute in Redox Biology.ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Maia LB, Maiti BK, Moura I et al.DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010120
Selenium Biofortification: A Dual-Edged Sword of Nutrition and Contamination Risk.ReviewComprehensive reviews in food science and food safety · 2025Xi Z, Chen C, Zhu D et al.DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.70345
Selenium and brain aging: A comprehensive review with a focus on hippocampal neurogenesis.ReviewAgeing research reviews · 2025Daneshpour A, Leite MEN, Wagner KH et al.DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2025.102898
Research Progress of Selenium-Enriched Foods.ReviewNutrients · 2023Chen Z, Lu Y, Dun X et al.DOI: 10.3390/nu15194189
Selenium action in neuro-oncology.ReviewBiological trace element research · 2014Yakubov E, Buchfelder M, Eyüpoglu IY et al.DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0111-8
Selenium.ReviewJournal of dairy science · 1970Hogue DEDOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(70)86356-1

via PubMed

Article · 中文

硒（拼音：xī，注音：ㄒ丨；英語：Selenium），是一種化學元素，化學符號为Se，原子序數为34，原子量為78.971 u。硒是一種非金屬（偶尔被認為是類金屬），具有的性質介於元素週期表中上下兩元素硫和碲之間，且與砷也有相似性。它罕見以元素狀態存在，亦甚少在地殼中以純化合物的礦石存在。 Selenium（來自古希臘語σελήνη（selḗnē）“月神名”）於1817年由永斯·貝吉里斯發現，他注意到此新元素與先前發現的碲（以地球命名）具有相似性質。硒存在於金屬硫化物礦物中，礦石中金屬應與硫原子鍵結的位置，部分由硒原子取代。在商業上，硒經常是得自這些礦石的精煉過程中所產生的副產物。純的硒化物或硒酸鹽化合物礦物是已知的，但很少見。現今硒的主要商業用途是在和色素。硒是一種半導體，用於光電池，曾經是很重要的電子學應用，現已大部分被矽半導體的裝置取代，但硒仍用於少數幾種類型的直流電源突波保護器和一種螢光量子點。服用大量硒盐可能引起中毒，但微量的硒是許多生物（包括所有動物）細胞功能所必需的。硒是許多多種維生素和其他膳食補充劑中的一個成分，包括嬰兒配方奶粉。它是抗氧化酶和硫氧還蛋白還原酶的組成成分（間接還原動物和一些植物中的某些氧化分子）。它也存在於三種中，它們將一種甲狀腺激素轉化為另一種。植物中硒的需求因物種而異，某些植物需要相對較大的量，而另一些則顯然不需要。

Abstract from DBpedia / Wikipedia · CC BY-SA