Extracellular matrix proteins

thumb|200x200px|Thick elastic fibers consisting of bundles of elastin in the human lung Elastin is a protein encoded by the ELN gene in humans and several other animals. Elastin is a key component in the extracellular matrix of gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates). It is highly elastic and present in connective tissue of the body to resume its shape after stretching or contracting. Elastin helps skin return to its original position whence poked or pinched. Elastin is also in important load-bearing tissue of vertebrates and used in places where storage of mechanical energy is required.

thumb|right|400px|The modular structure of fibronectin and its binding domains Fibronectin is a high-molecular weight (~500-~600 kDa) glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins. Fibronectin also binds to other extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen, fibrin, and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (e.g. syndecans).

Pikachurin, also known as AGRINL (AGRINL) and EGF-like, fibronectin type-III and laminin G-like domain-containing protein (EGFLAM), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EGFLAM gene.

Osteopontin (OPN), also known as bone /sialoprotein I (BSP-1 or BNSP), early T-lymphocyte activation (ETA-1), secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), 2ar and Rickettsia resistance (Ric), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPP1 gene (secreted phosphoprotein 1). The murine ortholog is Spp1. Osteopontin is a SIBLING (glycoprotein) that was first identified in 1986 in osteoblasts.

Vitronectin (VTN or VN) is a glycoprotein of the hemopexin family which is synthesized and excreted by the liver, and abundantly found in serum, the extracellular matrix and bone. In humans it is encoded by the VTN gene.

Aggrecan (ACAN), also known as cartilage-specific proteoglycan core protein (CSPCP) or chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACAN gene. This gene is a member of the lectican (chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan) family. The encoded protein is an integral part of the extracellular matrix in cartilagenous tissue and it withstands compression in cartilage.

Decorin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCN gene.

Nidogen-1 (NID-1), formerly known as entactin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NID1 gene. Both nidogen-1 and nidogen-2 are essential components of the basement membrane alongside other components such as type IV collagen, proteoglycans (heparan sulfate and glycosaminoglycans), laminin and fibronectin.

Osteonectin (ON) also known as secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) or basement-membrane protein 40 (BM-40) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPARC gene.

Transforming growth factor, beta-induced, 68kDa, also known as TGFBI (initially called BIGH3, BIG-H3), is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TGFBI gene, locus 5q31.

Perlecan (PLC) also known as basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein (HSPG) or heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HSPG2 gene. The HSPG2 gene codes for a 4,391 amino acid protein with a molecular weight of 468,829. It is one of the largest known proteins. The name perlecan comes from its appearance as a "string of pearls" in rotary shadowed images.

Dermatopontin also known as tyrosine-rich acidic matrix protein (TRAMP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DPT gene. Dermatopontin is a 22-kDa protein of the noncollagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) estimated to comprise 12 mg/kg of wet dermis weight. To date, homologues have been identified in five different mammals and 12 different invertebrates with multiple functions. In vertebrates, the primary function of dermatopontin is a structural component of the ECM (interaction with decorin and modification of collagen fibrillogenesis), cell adhesion, modulation of TGF-β activity

Brevican core protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCAN gene. Brevican is a member of the lectican protein family.

Cochlin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COCH gene. It is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein highly abundant in the cochlea and vestibule of the inner ear, constituting the major non-collagen component of the ECM of the inner ear. The protein is highly conserved in human, mouse, and chicken, showing 94% and 79% amino acid identity of human to mouse and chicken sequences, respectively.

Alpha-tectorin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TECTA gene.

Dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DMP1 gene.

Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 80 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCDC80 gene. Bioinformatics analysis suggests the CCDC80 protein is a peroxiredoxin.

Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HAPLN1 gene.

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (Osteoblast/osteocyte factor 45) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MEPE gene. A conserved RGD motif is found in this protein, and this is potentially involved in integrin recognition.

Neurocan core protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCAN gene.

Beta-tectorin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TECTB gene.

Matrilin 1, cartilage matrix protein, also known as MATN1, is a matrilin protein which in humans is encoded by the MATN1 gene.

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Versican is a large extracellular matrix proteoglycan that is present in a variety of human tissues. It is encoded by the VCAN gene.

Agrin is a large proteoglycan whose best-characterised role is in the development of the neuromuscular junction during embryogenesis. Agrin is named based on its involvement in the aggregation of acetylcholine receptors during synaptogenesis. In humans, this protein is encoded by the AGRN gene.

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

von Willebrand factor A domain-containing protein 2, also known as A domain-containing protein similar to matrilin and collagen (AMACO), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the VWA2 gene.

Fibromodulin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FMOD gene.

Biglycan is a small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycan (SLRP) which is found in a variety of extracellular matrix tissues, including bone, cartilage and tendon. In humans, biglycan is encoded by the BGN gene which is located on the X chromosome.

Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DMBT1 gene.

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

small integrin-binding ligand, N-linked glycoprotein

Periostin (POSTN, PN, or osteoblast-specific factor OSF-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POSTN gene. Periostin functions as a ligand for alpha-V/beta-3 and alpha-V/beta-5 integrins to support adhesion and migration of epithelial cells.

Osteoglycin (also called mimecan), encoded by the OGN gene, is a human protein.

Asporin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASPN gene.

Matrilin-3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MATN3 gene. It is linked to the development of many types of cartilage, and part of the Matrilin family, which includes Matrilin-1, Matrilin-2, Matrilin-3, and Matrilin-4, a family of filamentous-forming adapter oligomeric extracellular proteins that are linked to the formation of cartilage and bone, as well as maintaining homeostasis after development. It is considered an extracellular matrix protein that functions as an adapter protein where the Matrilin-3 subunit can form both homo-tetramers and hetero-oligomers with subunits from Mat

Matrilin-2 is a matrilin protein that in humans is encoded by the MATN2 gene.