Al-Ghazali

Also known as Abu Mohammed al-Ghazali, Ghazzoliĭ, Muḣammad ibn Muḣammad ibn Aḣmad Abu Ḣomid at-Tusiĭ,, Al-Ghazzali, Abu Hamid al-Ghazālī, Algazelus, Algazel, Abu Hamid al-Ghazali, Al-Gonzzali

Al-Ghazali, ( ( – 19 December 1111), Latinized as Algazelus, was a Shafi'i Sunni Muslim Iranian scholar and polymath. He is known as one of the most prominent and influential jurisconsults, legal theoreticians, muftis, philosophers, theologians, logicians and mystics in Islamic history.

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Al-Ghazali was a philosopher, autobiographer, poet, and Islamic jurist born in Tus in 1058 or 1056. He was a citizen of the Seljuk Empire and practiced Islam, specifically within the Sunni, Sufi, and Ash'ari traditions. His professional fields included Islamic philosophy, Sufism, Ilm al-Kalam, and Islamic ethics, with a lifestyle centered on mysticism. He studied under Al-Juwayni and Abū ‘Alī al-Fadl b. Muhammad al-Fāramidhī, and taught Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi.

He resided in Nishapur, Baghdad, Damascus, and Jerusalem, and died in Tus on December 19, 1111. His notable works include The Alchemy of Happiness, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Revival of the Religious Sciences, and The Moderation in Belief. He wrote in Persian and Arabic. His native name is أبو حامد محمد بن محمد الغزالي. He is described by sources such as the Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron and the Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia.

Synthesized by Vinony from 39 facts across 8 sources: Wikidata, Crossref, Open Library, MusicBrainz, Last.fm, Europeana Sparql, Wikiquote, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Person · Open Library

Works: 17

Top works

Confessions of Al-Ghazali
Marco Polo
Marco Polo
Zubair bin Awwam
Talhah bin Ubaidillah

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Music · MusicBrainz

Type: Person
Gender: Male
Origin: United States
Active from: 1058
Active to: 1111

1970s1980s2008 universal fire victimchristmas musiccontemporary gospelgospel

Official site Discogs Stream

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Listeners · Last.fm

Listeners: 4,671
Total plays: 19,704

Recent publications · Crossref

5 total works indexed

Reproducible, interactive, scalable and extensible microbiome data science using QIIME 2
· 2019 · cited 20,854x
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
· 2020 · cited 15,951x
Tissue-based map of the human proteome
· 2015 · cited 14,095x
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017
· 2018 · cited 10,995x
Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors, 1990–2019
· 2020 · cited 10,217x

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Quotes

“The man who makes his religion a means to the gaining of this world, will lose both worlds alike; whereas the man who gives up this world for the sake of religion, will get both worlds alike.”
“How can even the lowest mind, if he reflects at all the marvels of this earth and sky, the brilliant fashioning of plants and animals, remain blind to the fact that this wonderful world with its settled order must have a maker to design, determine and direct it?”
“For those endowed with insight there is in reality no object of love but God, nor does anyone but He deserve love”
“if man’s love for himself be necessary, then his love for Him through whom, first his coming-to-be, and second, his continuance in his essential being with all his inward and outward traits, his substance and his accidents, occur must also be necessary. Whoever is so besotted by his fleshy appetites as to lack this love neglects his Lord and Creator. He possesses no authentic knowledge of Him; his gaze is limited to his cravings and to things of sense.”
“There is the world for you. Beauty, true beauty, is intangible. It is in the eye of the beholder. Something that we can lose at any moment, and the more you examine it, the more illusive it becomes. True happiness is virtue, and virtue is predicated on knowledge and righteous conduct.”
“[K]nowledge that is not Infallible is not certain knowledge.”

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Key facts

Religious biography.notable_works: The Revival of Religious Sciences, The Aims of the Philosophers, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness, The Moderation in Belief, The Condensed in Imam Shafi’i’s Jurisprudence, On Legal theory of Muslim Jurisprudence
Religious biography.region: Seljuk Empire (Nishapur)Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad) Fatimid Caliphate (Jerusalem) / (Damascus)
Religious biography.era: Islamic Golden Age
Religious biography.honorific_prefix: Imam
Religious biography.name: Al-Ghazali
Religious biography.native_name: ٱلْغَزَّالِيّ
Religious biography.native_name_lang: fa
Religious biography.title: Hujjat al-Islam ('Proof of Islam')
Religious biography.birth_place: Tus, Seljuk Empire
Religious biography.death_place: Tus, Seljuk Empire
Religious biography.religion: Islam
Religious biography.denomination: Sunni
Religious biography.school: Shafi’i
Religious biography.creed: Ash'ari
Religious biography.main_interests: Sufism, theology (kalam), philosophy, logic, Sharia, Islamic jurisprudence, Principles of Islamic jurisprudence

via Wikipedia infobox

Works in European collections

4 objects attributed to Al-Ghazali, held across European museums, libraries & archives · via Europeana

Algazelus

[Arabic treaties of history, theology and jurisprudence]

Untitled

~35 min read

Encyclopedic overview

23 sections

Contents

Biography
School affiliations
Decade of seclusion
Works
''Incoherence of the Philosophers''
''The Revival of Religious Sciences (Iḥyāʾ ʿUlūm al-Dīn)''
''The Alchemy of Happiness''
''Disciplining the Soul''
''The Eternity of the World''
''The Decisive Criterion for Distinguishing Islam from Clandestine Unbelief''
''Deliverance from Error''
Works in Persian
Influence
Number of works
Economic philosophy
Reception of work
See also
References
Notes
Citations
Sources
Further reading
External links

He is considered to be the 11th century's mujaddid, a renewer of the faith, who, according to the prophetic hadith, appears once every 100 years to restore the faith of the Islamic community. Al-Ghazali's works were so highly acclaimed by his contemporaries that he was awarded the honorific title "Proof of Islam" (Ḥujjat al-Islām). Al-Ghazali was a prominent mujtahid in the Shafi'i school of law.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “Al-Ghazali” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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Al-Ghazali