buffer solution
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A buffer solution is a special mixture of chemicals dissolved in water that can resist changes to how acidic or basic the solution is when strong acids or bases are added to it. This property matters because many chemical processes, biological systems, and industrial applications require the pH to stay relatively stable to function properly.
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Article
A buffer solution is a solution where the pH does not change significantly on dilution or if an acid or base is added at constant temperature. Its pH changes very little when a small amount of strong acid or base is added to it. Buffer solutions are used as a means of keeping pH at a nearly constant value in a wide variety of chemical applications. In nature, there are many living systems that use buffering for pH regulation. For example, the bicarbonate buffering system is used to regulate the pH of blood, and bicarbonate also acts as a buffer in the ocean.
Principles of buffering