biotin

Also known as D-(+)-biotin, vitamin B7, (3aS,4S,6aR)-Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazole-4-valeric acid, 5-(2-oxohexahydro-1H-thieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl)pentanoic acid, cis-Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno(3,4)imidazole-4-valeric acid, (+)-cis-Hexahydro-2-oxo-1H-thieno[3,4]imidazole-4-valeric acid, cis-Tetrahydro-2-oxothieno(3,4-d)imidazoline-4-valeric acid, cis-(+)-Tetrahydro-2-oxothieno[3,4]imidazoline-4-valeric acid

alt=3D space-filling model of Biotin rotating about an axis (GIF)|thumb|3D space-filling model of biotin rotating about an axis Biotin (also known as vitamin B7 and Vitamin H) is one of the B vitamins – a group of essential dietary micronutrients. Present in every living cell, it is involved as a cofactor for enzymes in numerous metabolic processes, both in humans and in other organisms, primarily related to the biochemistry of fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids.

OverviewAI-generated

Biotin is a chemical compound with the formula C₁₀H₁₆N₂O₃S. Its IUPAC name is 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoic acid. The substance has a melting point of 230.0 and a mass of 244.088163372.

Chemical properties include a weight of 244.31, an xlogp of 0.3, and a topological polar surface area of 104. The molecule contains three hydrogen bond donors and four hydrogen bond acceptors, with a charge of 0. It is associated with 38,464 PubMed entries and is referenced by 680 other encyclopedia articles.

Synthesized by Vinony from 19 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula: C10H16N2O3S
Molecular weight: 244.31 g/mol
IUPAC name: 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]pentanoic acid
SMILES: C1[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](S1)CCCCC(=O)O)NC(=O)N2
InChIKey: YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N
XLogP: 0.3
Polar surface area: 104 Å²
H-bond donors: 3
H-bond acceptors: 4
Formal charge: 0

via PubChem

Research

38,464 papers

Biotin: From Nutrition to Therapeutics.ReviewThe Journal of nutrition · 2017Mock DMDOI: 10.3945/jn.116.238956
Biotin for the treatment of nail disease: what is the evidence?ReviewThe Journal of dermatological treatment · 2018Lipner SR, Scher RKDOI: 10.1080/09546634.2017.1395799
Biotin.ReviewVitamins and hormones · 1989Dakshinamurti K, Chauhan JDOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)60398-2
Biotin: DNA to diet.ReviewThe Journal of nutritional biochemistry · 2025Karalia S, Meena VKDOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2025.110081
Immunoassay design and biotin interference.ReviewAdvances in clinical chemistry · 2022Dasgupta ADOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.03.005
Biotin.ReviewWorld review of nutrition and dietetics · 1986Hommes FADOI: 10.1159/000413026
Biotin induced biochemical hyperthyroidism: a case report and review of the literature.ReviewJournal of medical case reports · 2023James A, Stalan J, Kuzhively JDOI: 10.1186/s13256-023-04002-z
Molecular Mechanisms of Biotin in Modulating Inflammatory Diseases.ReviewNutrients · 2024Sakurai-Yageta M, Suzuki YDOI: 10.3390/nu16152444

via PubMed

~21 min read

Encyclopedic overview

24 sections

Contents

Chemical description
Dietary recommendations
Safety
Labeling regulations
Food sources
Physiology
Absorption
Metabolism and excretion
Factors that affect biotin requirements
Biosynthesis
Cofactor biochemistry
Deficiency
Diagnosis
Deficiency as a result of metabolic disorders
Use in biotechnology
Interference with medical laboratory results
History
Research
Multiple sclerosis
Hair, nails, skin
Animals
See also
References
External links

When isolated, biotin is a white, needle-like crystalline solid. Biotin is obtained from foods, particularly meats and liver, and is sold as a dietary supplement.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “biotin” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.