insulin resistance

Also known as IR

human disease

Key facts

Specialty: Endocrinology
Complications: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease , vascular disease .
Duration: 10 to 15 years before developing type 2 diabetes.
Causes: Lipotoxicity , use of glucocorticoids , anti-adrenergic , protease inhibitors , selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors , atypical antipsychotics .
Risk factors: Hyperinsulinemia
Diagnostic method: Glucose challenge test , Glucose clamp technique .
Prognosis: Hyperglycemia , hypertension , dyslipidemia , hyperuricemia , elevated inflammatory markers , endothelial dysfunction , a prothrombotic state, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

via Wikipedia infobox

Research

177,960 papers

Insulin Resistance: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2022
Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Article

Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathological response in which cells in insulin-sensitive tissues in the body fail to respond normally to the hormone insulin or downregulate insulin receptors in response to hyperinsulinemia.

Insulin is a hormone that facilitates the transport of glucose from blood into cells, thereby reducing blood glucose (blood sugar). Insulin is released by the pancreas in response to carbohydrates consumed in the diet. In states of insulin resistance, the same amount of insulin does not have the same effect on glucose transport and blood sugar levels. There are many causes of insulin resistance and the underlying process is still not completely understood. Risk factors for insulin resistance include obesity, sedentary lifestyle, family history of diabetes, various health conditions, and certain medications. Insulin resistance is considered a component of the metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance can be improved or reversed with lifestyle approaches, such as weight reduction, exercise, and dietary changes.