Drugs missing an ATC code

JWH-015 is a chemical from the naphthoylindole family that acts as a subtype-selective cannabinoid agonist. Its affinity for CB2 receptors is 13.8 nM, while its affinity for CB1 is 383 nM, meaning that it binds almost 28 times more strongly to CB2 than to CB1. However, it still displays some CB1 activity, and in some model systems can be very potent and efficacious at activating CB1 receptors, and therefore it is not as selective as newer drugs such as JWH-133. It has been shown to possess immunomodulatory effects, and CB2 agonists may be useful in the treatment of pain and inflammation. It wa

Hexestrol, sold under the brand name Synestrol among others, is a nonsteroidal estrogen which was previously used for estrogen replacement therapy and in the treatment of certain hormone-dependent cancers as well as gynecological disorders but is mostly no longer marketed. It has also been used in the form of esters such as hexestrol diacetate (brand name Sintestrol) and hexestrol dipropionate (brand name Hexanoestrol). Hexestrol and its esters are taken by mouth, held under the tongue, or via injection into muscle.

pair of isomers

Thiobarbital is a drug which is a barbiturate derivative. It is the thiobarbiturate analogue of barbital.

Iclazepam (Clazepam) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It has sedative and anxiolytic effects similar to those produced by other benzodiazepine derivatives, and is around the same potency as chlordiazepoxide.

Sigmodal (Rectidon) is a barbiturate derivative. It has sedative, hypnotic and anticonvulsant properties, and was used in surgical anaesthesia in the 1950s, and frequently appeared in drug mixtures in the 60s.

Ephenidine (also known as NEDPA and EPE) is a dissociative anesthetic that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is illegal in some countries as a structural isomer of the banned opioid drug lefetamine, but has been sold in countries where it is not yet banned.

Iomazenil (also known as Ro16-0154, INN, USAN; benzodine) is an antagonist and partial inverse agonist of benzodiazepine and a potential treatment for alcohol use disorder. The compound was introduced in 1989 by pharmaceutical company Hoffmann-La Roche as an Iodine-123-labelled SPECT tracer for imaging benzodiazepine receptors (GABAA receptors) in the brain. Iomazenil is an analogue of flumazenil (Ro15-1788).

JWH-081 is an analgesic chemical from the naphthoylindole family, which acts as a cannabinoid agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 receptors. With a Ki of 1.2nM it is fairly selective for the CB1 subtype, its affinity at this subtype is measured at approximately 10x the affinity at CB2(12.4nM). It was discovered by and named after John W. Huffman.

GTS-21 (also known as DMXBA or DMBX-anabaseine) is an investigational new drug being studied for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders, as well as for its potential to enhance memory and cognitive function. Despite study of the molecule since 1990s, as of 2025 it has not been shown to be effective in clinical trials.

Fluocinolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid corticosteroid which was never marketed. The acetonide cyclic ketal of fluocinolone, fluocinolone acetonide, in contrast, has been marketed.

Pholedrine, also known as '4-hydroxy-N-methylamphetamine and sold under the brand names Paredrinol, Pulsotyl, and Veritol' among others, is a sympathomimetic drug used in topical eye drops to dilate the pupil. It can be used to diagnose Horner's syndrome.

3-Methylthiofentanyl is an opioid analgesic and analogue of fentanyl.

Dimethisterone, formerly sold under the brand names Lutagan and Secrosteron among others, is a progestin medication which was used in birth control pills and in the treatment of gynecological disorders but is now no longer available. It was used both alone and in combination with an estrogen. It is taken by mouth.

Tiapamil (INN; also known as dimeditiapramine) is a calcium antagonist or calcium channel blocker. It is an experimental drug that has never been marketed.

Anatabine (uh-nat-uh-been,-bin) is one of the minor alkaloids found in plants in the family Solanaceae, which includes the tobacco plant and tomato. Commercial tobacco plants typically produce alkaloids at levels between 2% and 4% of total dry weight, with nicotine accounting for about 90% of the total alkaloid content, and the related compounds anatabine, nornicotine, and anabasine making up nearly all the rest. These compounds are thought to be biologically active, and part of plants' natural defense system against insects.

thumb|252x252px|Redoxon Double Action Vitamin C standard tablets thumb|266x266px|Redoxon Vita Guard Ace+ Vitamin C standard tablets

2,2,2-Tribromoethanol, often called just tribromoethanol, is a chemical compound with formula . Its molecule can be described as that of ethanol, with the three hydrogen atoms in position 2 (on the methyl group) replaced by bromine. It is a white crystalline solid, soluble in water and other solvents, that absorbs strongly in the UV below 290 nm.

Pivoxazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It is the pivalate (2,2-dimethylpropanoate) ester of oxazepam. It has sedative and anxiolytic actions like those of other benzodiazepines. Compared to its parent drug, oxazepam, pivoxazepam is more rapidly absorbed and slightly more sedative.

chemical compound

is a pharmaceutical drug marketed in Japan as a treatment for the digestive tract (especially as an antidiarrhoeal), whose main active ingredient is "wood creosote" (also wood-tar creosote, or beechwood creosote).

IDRA-21 is a positive allosteric modulator of the AMPA receptor and a benzothiadiazine derivative. It is a chiral molecule, with (+)-IDRA-21 being the active form.

Mebolazine (; brand names Dostalon and Roxilon; also known as dimethazine, dymethazine, di(methasterone) azine, or 2α,17α-dimethyl-5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one azine) is a synthetic, orally active androgen/anabolic steroid (AAS) and a 17α-alkylated derivative of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which is no longer marketed. It has a unique and unusual chemical structure, being a dimer of methasterone linked at the 3-position of the A-ring by an azine group, and reportedly acts as a prodrug of methasterone.

Licofelone is a dual COX/LOX inhibitor that was studied in clinical trials as a treatment for osteoarthritis and which was under development by Merckle GmbH with partners Alfa Wassermann and Lacer.

β-Chlornaltrexamine (β-CNA) is a non-selective irreversible antagonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), the δ-opioid receptor (DOR), and the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), which forms a covalent bond to the binding sites of these receptors and has ultra-long-lasting opioid antagonist effects. Although it is predominantly antagonistic, β-CNA also shows some irreversible mixed agonist–antagonist activity at the MOR and KOR and some associated analgesic effects. Its alkylating group is a bis(chloroalkyl)amino-residue similar to that of the nitrogen mustards.

Synthetic, cannabinoid-like compound

Skycovione is a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by SK Bioscience and the Institute for Protein Design of the University of Washington, It is South Korea's first homegrown COVID-19 vaccine and utilizes GSK's AS03 adjuvant technology. ==Trials and regulation== The phase III clinical trial involves 4,037 participants. In April 2022, results of the phase III trial confirmed the vaccine to be safe and effective. It elicited approximately three times more antibodies than the Oxford–AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. The South Korean Government has ordered 10 million doses for domestic use.

11-Nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (11-COOH-THC or THC-COOH), often referred to as 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC or THC-11-oic acid, is the main secondary metabolite of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) which is formed in the body after cannabis is consumed.

Metabutoxycaine, marketed under the trade name Primacaine, is a local anesthetic. It is used in dentistry. It has the U.S. patent number 2,882,296. ==References==

Mabuterol is a selective β2 adrenoreceptor agonist.

U-89843A (PNU-89843) is a sedative drug which acts as an agonist at GABAA receptors, specifically acting as a positive allosteric modulator selective for the α1, α3 and α6 subtypes. It has sedative effects in animals but without causing ataxia, and also acts as an antioxidant and may have neuroprotective effects. It was developed by a team at Upjohn in the 1990s.

candidate vaccine against COVID-19

Quizartinib, sold under the brand name Vanflyta, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

3-Methoxymorphinan is an inactive metabolite of both dextromethorphan and levomethorphan, and has been shown to produce local anesthetic effects. It is the CYP3A4 metabolite of the aforementioned drugs, and is itself metabolized by the liver enzyme CYP2D6.

Nortilidine is the major active metabolite of tilidine. It is formed from tilidine by demethylation in the liver. The racemate has opioid analgesic effects roughly equivalent in potency to that of morphine. The (1R,2S)-isomer has NMDA antagonist activity. The drug also acts as a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. The reversed-ester of nortilidine is also known, as is the corresponding analogue with the cyclohexene ring replaced by cyclopentane, which have almost identical properties to nortilidine.

Thiopropamine, also known as 1-(2-thienyl)-2-aminopropane, is a stimulant drug of the arylalkylamine family. It is an analogue of amphetamine where the phenyl ring has been replaced by thiophene. It has similar stimulant effects to amphetamine but with around one third the potency. The N-methyl and thiophen-3-yl analogues are also known and are somewhat more potent, though still generally weaker than the corresponding amphetamines.

Hepzidine (INN) is a tricyclic antidepressant which was never marketed. It was first described by 1966. ==Synthesis== The synthesis has been described in the chemical literature: 700px|center| The reduction of dibenzosuberone (1) gives dibenzosuberol [1210-34-0] (2). This alcohol forms ethers exceedingly easily, probably via the carbonium ion. Treatment with N-methyl-4-piperidinol [106-52-5] (3) in the presence of acid gives hepzidine (4).

'''3',4'-Methylenedioxy-α-pyrrolidinobutyrophenone (MDPBP''') is a stimulant of the cathinone class developed in the 1960s, which has been reported as a novel designer drug. MDPBP is sometimes sold under the name "NRG-1" as a mixture with other cathinone derivatives, including flephedrone, pentylone, MαPPP and its higher homologue MDPV. As with other cathinones, MDPBP has been shown to have reinforcing effects in rats.

3-Fluoromethcathinone (also known as 3-FMC) is a chemical compound of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and cathinone classes that has been sold online as a designer drug. It is a structural isomer of flephedrone (4-fluoromethcathinone).

CP-93129 is a drug which acts as a potent and selective serotonin 5-HT1B receptor agonist, with approximately 150-fold and 200-fold selectivity over the closely related serotonin 5-HT1D and 5-HT1A receptors. It is used in the study of 5-HT1B receptors in the brain, particularly their role in modulating the release of other neurotransmitters. It produces antiaggressive effects in rodents.

Apricoxib is an experimental anticancer drug and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is a COX-2 inhibitor which is intended to improve standard therapy response in molecularly defined models of pancreatic cancer. It was also studied in clinical trials for non-small-cell lung cancer. Development was abandoned in 2015 due to poor clinical trial results.

Nepicastat (; developmental code names SYN117, RS-25560-197) is an inhibitor of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine.

Enestebol (), also known as 4-hydroxy-17α-methyl-δ1-testosterone, as well as 4,17β-dihydroxy-17α-methylandrosta-1,4-dien-3-one, is a synthetic and orally active anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) and a 17α-alkylated derivative of testosterone which was never marketed. It is closely related to oxymesterone (4-hydroxy-17α-methyltestosterone), as well as to chlorodehydromethyltestosterone (4-chloro-17α-methyl-δ1-testosterone), methylclostebol (4-chloro-17α-methyltestosterone), and metandienone (17α-methyl-δ1-testosterone).

α-Pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP) is a stimulant compound developed in the 1960s which has been reported as a novel designer drug. It can be thought of as the homologue lying between the two better known drugs α-PPP and α-PVP.

LP-44 is a drug which acts as a potent and selective agonist at the 5HT7 serotonin receptor. While LP-44 is less selective than the related compound LP-12, it has been more widely used in research and has been used to show the complex role of 5-HT7 receptors in several aspects of brain function, including regulation of the sleep-wake cycle and roles in stress, learning and memory.

Losmapimod (GW856553X) is an investigational drug that reached stage III clinical trials for multiple medical conditions, but did not prove efficacy. It was most recently in development by Fulcrum Therapeutics for the treatment of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). Losmapimod selectively inhibits enzymes p38α/β mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are modulators of DUX4 expression and mediators of inflammation.

3C-E, also known as 4-ethoxy-3,5-dimethoxyamphetamine or as α-methylescaline (3C-escaline), is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and 3C families related to 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA). It is the amphetamine (3C) analogue of escaline.

Zicronapine ( , previously known as Lu 31-130) is an atypical antipsychotic medication formerly under development by H. Lundbeck A/S. In phase II studies zicronapine showed statistically significant separation from placebo and convincing efficacy and safety data when compared to olanzapine.

chemical compound

α-Pyrrolidinopropiophenone (α-PPP), is a stimulant drug. It is similar in structure to the appetite suppressant diethylpropion and has analogous effects in animals. Little is known about this compound, but it has been detected by laboratories in Germany as an ingredient in "ecstasy" tablets seized by law enforcement authorities. This drug has been found to produce stimulant effects in animals and produces highly stimulating effects in humans, based on the experiences of the individuals who have tried it. Most of the individuals who have tried it prefer α-PVP to it, but prefer this drug over α-

1,3-Benzodioxolylbutanamine (BDB), also known as 3,4-methylenedioxy-α-ethylphenethylamine or as J, is an entactogen of the phenethylamine, phenylisobutylamine, and MDxx families related to MDMA.

Ripazepam is a pyrazolodiazepinone derivative structurally related to certain benzodiazepine drugs, especially zolazepam. It has anxiolytic effects.

Tetrahydroharmol is a bioactive β-carboline and harmala alkaloid. It acts as a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.

GYKI-52895 is a drug which is a 2,3-benzodiazepine derivative that also shares the 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine pharmacophore. Unlike other similar drugs, GYKI 52895 is a selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI), which appears to have an atypical mode of action compared to other DRIs. Its DRI activity is shared by numerous addictive drugs including amphetamine and its derivatives (e.g. dextromethamphetamine), cocaine, and methylphenidate and its derivatives (e.g. ethylphenidate). However, dopaminergic drugs are also prone to producing emetic effects such as in the case of apomorphine.

Mirodenafil is a PDE5 inhibitor used to treat erectile dysfunction. Developed by SK Chemicals Life Science, mirodenafil is marketed in Korea under the brand name Mvix, offered both as tablets (50 mg and 100 mg) and as orally dissolving films (50 mg).

Ulotaront (; developmental codes SEP-363856, SEP-856) is an investigational antipsychotic that is undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease psychosis. The medication was discovered in collaboration between PsychoGenics Inc. and Sunovion Pharmaceuticals (which was subsequently merged into Sumitomo Pharma) using PsychoGenics' behavior and AI-based phenotypic drug discovery platform, SmartCube.

Androisoxazole (brand names Androxan, Neo-Ponden, Neo-Pondus), also known as 17α-methyl-5α-androstano[3,2-c]isoxazol-17β-ol, is an orally active anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) and a 17α-alkylated derivative of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) that is marketed in Spain and Italy. It is closely related to stanozolol, differing only in having an isoxazole instead of pyrazole ring fused to the A ring, and is also related to furazabol, prostanozol, and danazol.

Osemozotan (MKC-242) is a selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist with some functional selectivity, acting as a full agonist at presynaptic and a partial agonist at postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors. 5-HT1A receptor stimulation influences the release of various neurotransmitters including serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine. 5-HT1A receptors are inhibitory G protein-coupled receptor.

Possible vaccine and research into it