Ethers

Tanespimycin ('17-N-allylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin, 17-AAG') is a derivative of the antibiotic geldanamycin that is being studied in the treatment of cancer, specifically in younger patients with certain types of leukemia or solid tumors, especially kidney tumors.

Motrazepam (Ro06-9098) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative.

Cilnidipine is a calcium channel blocker. Cilnidipine is approved for use in Japan, China, India, Nepal, and Korea for hypertension.

Naloxazone is an irreversible μ-opioid receptor antagonist which is selective for the μ1 receptor subtype. Naloxazone produces very long lasting antagonist effects as it forms a covalent bond to the active site of the μ-opioid receptor, thus making it impossible for the molecule to unbind and blocking the receptor permanently until the receptor is recycled by endocytosis.

Relugolix, sold under the brand names Orgovyx and Relumina among others, is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH receptor antagonist) medication which is used in the treatment of prostate cancer, uterine fibroids and endometriosis. It is taken by mouth.

Meralluride is a mercurial diuretic.

Glecaprevir (INN,) is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural (NS) protein 3/4A protease inhibitor that was identified jointly by AbbVie and Enanta Pharmaceuticals. It is being developed as a treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection in co-formulation with an HCV NS5A inhibitor pibrentasvir. Together they demonstrated potent antiviral activity against major HCV genotypes and high barriers to resistance in vitro.

Pentoxyverine (rINN) or carbetapentane is an antitussive (cough suppressant) commonly used for cough associated with illnesses like common cold. It is sold over-the-counter as Solotuss, or in combination with other medications, especially decongestants. One such product is Certuss, a combination of guaifenesin and pentoxyverine. The drug has been available in the form of drops, suspensions and suppositories.

Lusutrombopag, sold under the brand name Mulpleta among others, is a medication that has been developed for certain conditions that lead to thrombocytopenia (abnormally low platelet counts) such as thrombocytopenia associated with chronic liver disease in patients prior to elective invasive procedures. It is being manufactured in Philadelphia, PA and marketed in Japan by Shionogi. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in July 2018, and NICE in January 2020.

Levamlodipine (INN), also known as levoamlodipine or '''S-amlodipine is a pharmacologically active enantiomer of amlodipine. Amlodipine belongs to the dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blocker used as an antihypertensive and antianginal agent. It was approved by the U.S. FDA in December 2019 and is currently marketed under the brand name Conjupri'''.

Carboquone is a drug used in chemotherapy.

Methyldesorphine is an opioid analgesic. First synthesized in Germany in 1940 and patented in the US in 1952, it has a high potential for abuse as with any potent opioid agonist, and is sometimes found along with desomorphine as a component of the home-made opioid mixture known as "Krokodil" used in Russia and the neighboring former Soviet republics. It is approximately 15 times more potent than morphine as an analgesic, but if the 6-7 bond is saturated, the β isomer is some 50 times more potent than morphine.

Epimestrol (, , ) (brand names Alene, Stimovul; former developmental code name ORG-817), also known as 3-methoxy-17-epiestriol, is a synthetic, steroidal estrogen and an estrogen ether and prodrug of 17-epiestriol. It has been used as a component of ovulation induction in combination with gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

Xipranolol is a beta blocker.

Dimenoxadol (INN; also known as dimenoxadole (BAN) or dimenoxadole; brand name Estocin in Russia) is an opioid analgesic which is a benzilic acid derivative, closely related to benactyzine (an anticholinergic). Further, the structure is similar to methadone and related compounds like dextropropoxyphene.

Cetilistat is a drug designed to treat obesity. It acts in the same way as the older drug orlistat (Xenical) by inhibiting pancreatic lipase, an enzyme that breaks down triglycerides in the intestine. Without this enzyme, triglycerides from the diet are prevented from being hydrolyzed into absorbable free fatty acids and are excreted undigested.

Oxeladin is a cough suppressant. It is a highly potent and effective drug used to treat all types of cough of various etiologies. It is not related to opium or its derivatives, so treatment with oxeladin is free of risk of dependence or addiction. Oxeladin has none of the side effects (such as hypnosis, respiratory depression, tolerance, constipation and analgesia) which are present when common antitussives, such as codeine and its derivatives, are used. It may be used at every age, as well as in patients with heart disease, since it has a high level of safety and a great selectivity to act on

Iclazepam (Clazepam) is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It has sedative and anxiolytic effects similar to those produced by other benzodiazepine derivatives, and is around the same potency as chlordiazepoxide.

chemical compound

Tofenacin is an antidepressant drug with a tricyclic-like structure which was developed and marketed in the United Kingdom and Italy in 1971 and 1981, respectively, by Brocades-Stheeman & Pharmacia (now part of Astellas Pharma). It acts as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, and based on its close relation to orphenadrine, may also possess anticholinergic and antihistamine properties. Tofenacin is also the major active metabolite of orphenadrine and likely plays a role in its beneficial effects against depressive symptoms seen in Parkinson's disease patients.

Subcategory of ether used in anesthesiology

Macbecins are a pair of chemical compounds in the ansamycin family of antibiotics. They are designated macbecin I and macbecin II and they were first isolated from actinomycete bacteria. Macbecin possesses antitumor properties. In vitro studies have shown that macbecins are effective in the eradication of Gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and protozoa including Tetrahymena pyriformis. ==Structure== Macbecins have an unusual macrocyclic lactam structure. The two variants, macbecin I and II, correspond to the oxidized 1,4-benzoquinone and reduced hydroquinone, respectively.

Crisaborole, sold under the brand name Eucrisa among others, is a nonsteroidal topical medication used for the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis (eczema) in adults and children.

Tirbanibulin, sold under the brand name Klisyri, is a medication used for the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) on the face or scalp. It functions by inhibiting both tubulin polymerization and Src kinase signaling. It is potentially effective in impeding the development of squamous cell carcinoma in situ.

Tazolol is a beta blocker with some utility in the treatment of heart disease.

Chloralodol (Chlorhexadol) is a hypnotic/sedative. It is a Schedule III drug in the United States; however, it is not currently marketed in the US so it is no longer prescribed.

Methyldihydromorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid originally developed in Germany in 1936, controlled under both domestic law and UN conventions because of its possible potential for abuse. Methyldihydromorphine is related to heterocodeine and is not a synonym for dihydrocodeine or dihydroheterocodeine (6-methoxydihydromorphine).

Isomigrastatin is an analogue of migrastatin, an organic compound that naturally occurs in the Streptomyces platensis bacteria. Isomigrastatin has shown promise as a drug in the treatment of cancer. A laboratory synthesis was reported in 2007. ==Synthesis== ===Total synthesis=== Migrastatin synthesis is a precursor of isomigrastatin. In order to synthesize isomigrastatin, reagent 11 and 15 need to be prepared. Through LACDAC reaction, Luche reduction, aqueous Ferrier rearrangement and Epoxidation, reagent 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 are synthesized to 11. Aldehyde 12 reacts is alkyldenated by Witting reage

Coronaridine, also known as 18-carbomethoxyibogamine, is an alkaloid found in Tabernanthe iboga and related species, including Tabernaemontana divaricata for which (under the now obsolete synonym Ervatamia coronaria) it was named.

chemical compound

Tribenoside (Glyvenol) is a vasoprotective drug used to treat hemorrhoids. It has mild anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound healing properties. Tribenoside stimulates laminin α5 production and laminin-332 deposition to help repair the basement membrane during the wound healing process. It is a mixture of the α- and β-anomers.

Prosidol is an opioid analgesic that is an analogue of prodine. It was originally discovered by J.F. MacFarlan and Co. in the 1950s. It was further developed in Russia in the 1990s during research into the related drug pethidine.

17-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) is a chemical compound which is a semi-synthetic derivative of the antibiotic geldanamycin. It is being studied for the possibility of treating cancer.

Dimazole (or diamthazole) is an antifungal compound.

chemical compound

chemical compound

Litoxetine (developmental code names SL 81-0385, IXA-001) is an antidepressant which was under clinical development for the treatment of depression in the early 1990s but was never marketed. It acts as a potent serotonin reuptake inhibitor (Ki for = 7 nM) and modest 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (Ki = 315 nM). It has antiemetic activity, and unlike the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), appears to have a negligible incidence of nausea and vomiting. The drug is structurally related to indalpine. Development of litoxetine for depression was apparently ceased in the late 1990s

Rhynchophylline is an alkaloid found in certain Uncaria species (Rubiaceae), notably Uncaria rhynchophylla and Uncaria tomentosa. It also occurs in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) and Mitragyna tubulosa, a tree native to Thailand. Chemically, it is related to the alkaloid mitragynine.

Hepzidine (INN) is a tricyclic antidepressant which was never marketed. It was first described by 1966. ==Synthesis== The synthesis has been described in the chemical literature: 700px|center| The reduction of dibenzosuberone (1) gives dibenzosuberol [1210-34-0] (2). This alcohol forms ethers exceedingly easily, probably via the carbonium ion. Treatment with N-methyl-4-piperidinol [106-52-5] (3) in the presence of acid gives hepzidine (4).

Misonidazole is a radiosensitizer that was investigated in clinical trials. It was used in these trials for radiation therapy to cause normally resistant hypoxic tumor cells to become sensitive to the treatment.

Niludipine is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class. It is a vasodilator that acts upon the coronary arteries of the heart-lung. It was found to produce a calcium antagonistic effect on the smooth muscle of hearts of canines and guinea pigs inhibiting myocardial oxidative metabolism.

Quizartinib, sold under the brand name Vanflyta, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Chlorbenzoxamine is a drug used for functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Proxyfan is a histamine H3 receptor ligand which is a "protean agonist", producing different effects ranging from full agonist, to antagonist, to inverse agonist in different tissues, depending on the level of constitutive activity of the histamine H3 receptor. This gives it a complex activity profile in vivo which has proven useful for scientific research.

Azidomorphine is an opiate analogue that is a derivative of morphine, where the 7,8 double bond has been saturated and the 6-hydroxy group has been replaced by an azide group.

Talsaclidine (WAL-2014) is a non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist which acts as a full agonist at the M1 subtype, and as a partial agonist at the M2 and M3 subtypes. It was under development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease but showed only modest or poor efficacy in rhesus monkeys and humans, respectively, perhaps due to an array of dose-limiting side effects including increased heart rate and blood pressure, increased salivation, urinary frequency and burning upon urination, increased lacrimation and nasal secretion, abnormal accommodation, heartburn, upset stomach

Posizolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic under investigation by AstraZeneca for the treatment of bacterial infections. At a concentration of 2 mg/L it inhibited 98% of all Gram-positive bacteria tested in vitro.

chemical compound

Setastine (Loderix) is an antihistamine used to treat allergies and rhinitis.

chemical compound

Losigamone (INN) is an investigational drug for the treatment of epilepsy. It has been studied as an add-on treatment for partial seizures. Phase III clinical trials were conducted around the year 2000.

Methoxymethanol is a chemical compound which is both an ether and an alcohol, a hemiformal. The structural formula can be written as CH3OCH2OH. It has been discovered in space.

Pipazetate () (brand names Dipect, Lenopect, Selvigon, Theratuss, Toraxan), or pipazethate (), is a 1-azaphenothiazine drug that was briefly marketed as a cough suppressant. It binds to the sigma-1 receptor with an IC50 value of 190 nM. It also has local anesthetic action, and in large doses can produce seizures.

Endothall (3,6-endoxohexahydrophthalic acid) is used as an herbicide for terrestrial and aquatic plants. It is used as an aquatic herbicide for submerged aquatic plants and algae in lakes, ponds and irrigation canals. It is used as a desiccant on potatoes, hops, cotton, clover and alfalfa. It is used as a biocide to control mollusks and algae in cooling towers.

DMDEE is an acronym for dimorpholinodiethyl ether but is almost always referred to as DMDEE (pronounced dumdee) in the polyurethane industry. It is an organic chemical, specifically a nitrogen-oxygen heterocycle with tertiary amine functionality. It is a catalyst used mainly to produce polyurethane foam. It has the CAS number 6425-39-4 and is TSCA and REACH registered and on EINECS with the number 229-194-7. The IUPAC name is 4-[2-(2-morpholin-4-ylethoxy)ethyl]morpholine and the chemical formula C12H24N2O3.

Clofenciclan (also known as chlorphencyclan; trade names Tonquil and Vesitan) is a dopamine-releasing agent developed by Boehringer & Soehne in the 1950s. It proved unpopular as a treatment because of its pronounced stimulant activity.

RWJ-51204 is an anxiolytic drug used in scientific research. It has similar effects to benzodiazepine drugs, but is structurally distinct and so is classed as a nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytic.

Minaxolone (CCI-12923) is a neuroactive steroid which was developed as a general anesthetic but was withdrawn before registration due to toxicity seen with long-term administration in rats, and hence was never marketed. It is a positive allosteric modulator of the GABAA receptor, as well as, less potently, a positive allosteric modulator of the glycine receptor.

1,4-Dioxene is an organic compound with the formula (CH)(CH)O. The compound is derived from dioxane by dehydrogenation. It is a colourless liquid.