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toluene

File:Toluol.svg · Wikimedia Commons · See Wikimedia Commons

EntityQ15779· pop 67· linked from 3,100 articles

toluene

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Also known as 1-methylbenzene, methylbenzol, phenylmethane, phenyl-methane, monomethyl benzene, methylbenzene

Toluene (), also known as toluol (), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula , often abbreviated as , where Ph stands for the phenyl group. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group by a single bond. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.

OverviewAI-generated

Toluene is a chemical compound with the formula C₇H₈ and a molecular weight of 92.14. Its canonical SMILES notation is CC1=CC=CC=C1. The substance has a density of 0.87 and a mass of 92.063. It exhibits an electric dipole moment of 0.375 and an ionization energy of 8.82. The standard enthalpy of formation is 50170, while the combustion enthalpy is -3910.

Physical properties include a boiling point of 232 and a melting point of -139, -93, or -94.99. The flash point is 40, and the vapor pressure is 21. Solubility is recorded at 0.07, with a lower flammable limit of 1.1 and an upper flammable limit of 7.1. Exposure limits include a time-weighted average of 754, a ceiling limit of 1885, and a short-term limit of 560. The immediately dangerous to life or health value is 1885.

In literature, PubMed lists 38,804 articles referencing toluene. The Vinony graph indicates it is referenced by 3,100 other encyclopedia articles. Additional identifiers include the NIOSH Pocket Guide ID 0619 and PubChem CID 1140.

Synthesized by Vinony from 35 facts across 4 sources: Wikidata, PubChem, PubMed, Vinony graph. Generated from structured data (not the Wikipedia text) and checked against those facts — may still contain errors.

Chemical data

Formula
C7H8
Molecular weight
92.14 g/mol
IUPAC name
toluene
SMILES
CC1=CC=CC=C1
InChIKey
YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
XLogP
2.7
Polar surface area
0 Ų
H-bond donors
0
H-bond acceptors
0
Formal charge
0

via PubChem

Research

38,804 papers

via PubMed

~11 min read

Encyclopedic overview

18 sections
Contents
  • History
  • Chemical properties
  • Ring reactions
  • Side chain reactions
  • Miscibility
  • Production
  • Other preparative routes
  • Uses
  • Precursor to benzene and xylenes
  • Solvent
  • Fuel
  • Niche applications
  • Toxicology and metabolism
  • Recreational use
  • Bioremediation
  • References
  • Cited sources
  • External links

Toluene (), also known as toluol (), is a substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula , often abbreviated as , where Ph stands for the phenyl group. It is a colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the odor associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of a methyl group (CH3) attached to a phenyl group by a single bond. As such, its systematic IUPAC name is methylbenzene. Toluene is predominantly used as an industrial feedstock and a solvent.

As the solvent in some types of paint thinner, permanent markers, contact cement and certain types of glue, toluene is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant and has the potential of causing severe neurological harm.

Excerpted from Wikipedia’s “toluene” article, available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 licence.

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